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Endo/Repro: Week 4 > Diebel: STDs > Flashcards

Diebel: STDs Flashcards

1
Q

Urethritis
cervicitis
vaginitis
vaginosis

A

Inflammatory infections

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2
Q

Urethritis

A

N. gonnorrhea

C. trachomatis

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3
Q

Cervicitis

A

C. trachomatis

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4
Q

Vaginitis

A

T. Vaginalis

C. albicans

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5
Q

Vaginosis

A

Gardnerella

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6
Q 
Sypilis
herpes
chancroid
lymphogranuloma venereum
genital warts
A

Genital ulcers (non exudative)

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7
Q

Syphilis

A

T. pallidum (no pain)

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8
Q

Herpes

A

HSV1

HSV2

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9
Q

Chancroid

A

H. ducreyi

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10
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

A

C. tranchomatis

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11
Q

Genital warts

A

HPV

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12
Q

STI

A

AIDS

PID

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13
Q

AIDS

A

HIV1

HIV2

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14
Q

PID

A

N. gonorrhea

C. trachomatis

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15
Q

Cancer

A

cervical carcinoma

KS

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16
Q

Cervical carcinoma

A

HPV

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17
Q

Kaposi

A

KSHV (HHV 8)

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18
Q 
22 y/o
small raided lesions on cervix
asymptomatic (no pain)
Many partners
labial veneral warts and friable erythematous cervix
A

HPV caused genital warts

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19
Q

Single best screening procedure available for cervical cancer

A

Pap smear

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20
Q

Tests used to test samples from a pelvic exam for presence of dangerous HPV TYPES in women >30 years

A

PCR

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21
Q

Is HPV curable?

A

No

Genital warts can be removed but virus causing them remains with you. It’s possible for virus to resolve itself but it’s unpredictable.

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22
Q

VF of HPV

A

Oncogenes in malignant types (16 and 18)

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23
Q

DS DNA virus w/ a circular genome

A

HPV (Papovaviridae)

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24
Q

infects epithelial cells of host that are in S phase>
local replication>
benign outgrowth of cells into GENITAL WARTS

A

HPV

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25
Q

cervical cancer associated w/ HPV

A

cervical carcinoma

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26
Q

48 hr painful urination
yellowish penile discharge
multiple partners

A

N. Gonorrhoeae

*typically has purulent discharge

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27
Q

Testing for N. gonorrhoeae?

A

Gram stain of urethral discharge*
DNA probes for PCR tests
ELSA- protein/Ab against bacteria

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28
Q

Gram - diplococci that is OXIDASE + and a glucose oxidizer

A

N. Gon

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29
Q

Specialized pilli for attachment to mucosal surface
Endotoxin
IgA protease

A

N. Gonn

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30
Q

Antigenic variation specialized pilli allows this bacteria to evade host host defenses and prevents killing by phagocytosis

A

N. Gonn

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31
Q

How does N. Gon cause urethritis in men and cervicitis in women?

A 
N. gon attches via pili to mucosal cells or urethra or vagina>
evades mucosal Abs w/ IgA protease>
endocytosed>
kills ciliated cells>
Inflammatory response>
Urethritis/cervicitis
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32
Q

N. Gonn that progresses to uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries

A

PID> increased risk of ectopic preg

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33
Q

N. Gonn that progresses from fallopian tubes to peritoneal cavity and leads to peritonitis and infection of the liver capsule

A

Fitz- Hugh Curtis Syndrome

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34
Q

N. Gonn that invades the submucosa, enters the blood stream, collects in synovial fluid

A

septic arthritis

35
Q

Need for prophylactic erythromycin eye drops in neonates

A 
neonates inoculate conjunctiva during passage through birth canal>
opthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis)>
increased risk for blindness
36
Q

Mensturation and IUD

A

Higher incidence of infection w/ N. Gon

37
Q

MCC cause of septic arthritis in sexually active ppl

38
Q

Chocolate sheep’s blood media that kills ALL other bugs: vanco, colistin, nystatin, SXT

A

Thayer Martin media

39
Q

Treatment for N. Gon

A

ceftriaxone (+ doxy for probably concurrent chlamydia)

40
Q

why is it difficult to develope a vaccine for N. gonn?

A

antigenic variation

41
Q 
Painful, itchy blisters on penis of 24 y/o M
Low grade fever, malaise, mild HA
Has had unprotected sex w/ new partner
CLEAR discharge
INGUINAL lymphadenoapathy
A

Herpes Simplex

42
Q

Testing/dx of herpes simplex?

A
  1. Tzank smear (GMNC), and Cowdry type A inclusion bodies
  2. Viral cultures from base of vesicles
  3. PCR to confirm virus type
43
Q

Ds DNA virus w/ a liner genome belonging to the alpha herpes viridae fmaily

A

Herpes simplex

1: above waist
2: below waist

44
Q

Latency of HSV 1/2

45
Q

Reactivation of HSV 1/2 in immunosuppressed

A

leads to shingles> fomration of lesions over entire dermatome

46
Q

What is needed to control HSV infections?

A

cell mediated immunity

47
Q

Treats HSV, VZV, encephalitis and disseminated herpes

48
Q

MOA of acyclovir

A

requires VTK to activate acyclovir (prodrug) to acyclovir 3 phosphate which blocks viral DNA Pol and is a CHAIN TERMINATOR

49
Q

Viral thymidine kinase is only effective in..

A

lytic infections/active viral infection

50
Q

Does gancyclovir work to treat HSV?

A

NO, mainly used for B viruses because requires a different kinase

51
Q

Endephalitis, keratoconjunctiviits, pharyngitis, esophagitis

52
Q

meningitis, encephalitis, pharyngitis, neonatal HSV

53
Q

25 y/o woman w/ profuse yellow, foamy, vaginal discharge w/ a foul odar
vulvular irritation and itching
ahs had multiple partners
Strawberry cervix

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

54
Q

Elevated vaginal pH (above 4.5) is suggestive of…

A

trichomoniasis or bacterial vaginosis

55
Q

Foul smelling fish odor d/t presence of amines + clue cells on gram stain

A

bacterial vaginosis

56
Q

Low pH + large motile flagellated micro-organisms seen on low powered fields

A

trichomonas vaginalis

57
Q

Clue cells

A

epithelial cell covered in bacteria

58
Q

Small pear shaped protozoa with 4 anterior flagella + 1 and an undulating membrane

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

59
Q

Bacteria that is a common biota of most people, exhibits NO opportunistic shift, and is transmitted through sexual contact

A

Trichomonas

60
Q

Treatment for trichomonas

A

Metronidazole for pt and partner

61
Q

22 y/o F w/ vulvular itching and thick, white vaginal discharge lasting for several days
Not currently sexually active
just completed course of antibiotics

A

Candida Albians

62
Q

Testing for Candida?

A

Wet prep> shows yeast cells and pseudohyphae

Gram stain

63
Q

Causes of candida albicans?

A

disruption of normal bacterial biota> over growth

64
Q

Presence of pseudohyphae in a c. albicans wet prep?

A

yeast is growing rapidly and causing a yeast infection

65
Q

Who is predisposed to yeast infections?

A

diabetics and pregnant women (menstruating women adn HIV +)

OPPORTUNISTIC infection

66
Q

MCC of vaginitis

A

c. albicans

67
Q

Treatment for candida?

A

topical and oral azoles

68
Q

What types of cells does HIV infect?

A

T cells and macrophages (need CD4 and CxCR4 and CCR5)

69
Q

HOw does HIV replicate?

A

reverse transcription

70
Q

What are RF for HIV?

A

unprotected sex

contaminated blood

71
Q

How can HIV be treated?

A

HAART
NNRTI+ 2NRTI
PI + 2 NRTI

72
Q

What other opportunistic infections is a pt w/ HIV susceptible to?

A

TB
candida
etc.

73
Q

Female presents w/ low grade fever, malaise and a rash. She also recalls having painless ulcers that seemed to resolve on their own, and now, 6 weeks later, has a generalized rash on her palms and soles.

A

Secondary syphillis

74
Q

gram - Spirochete bacteria

A

treponema pallidum (the syph)

75
Q

Painless chancre (a small, hard red bump with firm margins) often occuring on internal and external genitalia

A

Primary syphilis

76
Q

Lymphadenopathy and red/brown rash on all skin surfaces (including hands and feet) Appears 3-6 mos after chancre heals.

A

secondary symphillis

type III hypersensitivity- Ab binds ag, gets attacked by complement, collateral damage> rash

77
Q

Gummas

A

Painful swollen tumors indicative of tertiary syphilis

78
Q

Argyll robertson pupil

A

Sign of neurosyphilis:

adhesions along hte inner edge hte iris fix the pupil’s position into a small irregular circle

79
Q

“bark like” appearance of small arteries in aortic wall than can lead to aortic rupture

A

Tertiary syphillis

80
Q

detect bacterium in syphillitic lesions during primary and secondary stages with…

A

WET MOUNT

*bacteria is VERY transmissable at thsis time

81
Q

Anti-cardiolipin Abs

A

Sign of syphillis

82
Q

Treatment for syphillis

A

Penicillin G> goal is to maintain blood level lethal to spirochete for at least 7 days

**impt to monitor for successful clearance of spirochete

83
Q

Saber shins, saddle nose, CN 8 deafness, hutchinson teeth, and mulberry molars

A

Signs of congenital syphilis (MC in 2nd and 3rd trimesters)

84
Q

How do you prevent congenital syphilis?

A

treat mother early in pregnancy as placental transmission typically occurs in first trimesteer

Endo/Repro: Week 4 (14 decks)

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