Womes Psychological health Flashcards
What does the major depressive disorder mean?
frequent episodes of hopelessness and low self-esteem. Difficulty finding pleasure in most activities.
What are the characteristics of major depressive disorder?
emotion symptoms, cognitive symptoms, behavior and physical symptoms.
What are the cognitive symptoms?
self-blame and these thoughts interfere with concentration
What are the behavior symptoms?
decreased social contact, sleep
What are the Gender comparisons for depressive disorders?
2 times more prevalent in women then men; this difference emerges in adolescence, and lasts through lifetime
What are the risk factors that explain the gender differences?
help-seeking behavior, childhood environment and experiences, prior depression and anxiety, social roles and norms, adverse life events, coping styles, social support, genetic factors, and hormonal factors
What is help-seeking behavior?
females are more likely than men to seek help for depressive symptoms.
How is childhood environment a risk factor?
females are at a greater risk of sexual abuse, seem to be more sensitive.
What is prior depression and anxiety?
females are at a higher risk of depression, anxiety disorders at an earlier age
How does social roles, and norms contribute to risk of depression?
role limitation with associated lack of choice, role overload, competing social roles contribute to female risk of depression
What are adverse life events?
females, men are equal in the # of events but females may react differently
What are the coping styles ?
females engage in more rumination, men engage in more distraction
What is the social support, genetic factors?
no evidence that this differs between depressors
What are the hormonal factors?
some effect, but smaller than that of environmental factors. If it was linked than girls who started menstruation earlier would also experience depression earlier but they don’t, so there has to be more happening during adolescence.
What is the stereotype in treatments for depression?
over-diagnose depression in women, and under diagnose in men
What are the types of therapy on treatments for depression?
psychotherapy, drug treatment
What is psychotherapy?
a therapist treats problems through verbal interactions
What are the types of anxiety disorders?
specific phobia, and agoraphobia
What is agoraphobia?
fear of being in public places where escape might be difficult if one were suddenly incapacipated
What are the 3 types of eating disorders?
anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder
What Is anorexia?
refusal to maintain a minimal normal body weight, and intense fear of gaining weight
What is bulimia?
recurrent episodes of uncontrolled binge eating followed by purging activities aimed at controlling body weight
What is binge-eating?
frequent episodes of uncontrollable binge-eating at least 2 times a week for at least 6 weeks.
What are the causes of eating disorders?
biological-genetics, psychological, and cultural
What are the causes of eating disorders?
biological(genetics), psychological, and cultural (beauty standards
What are the psychological causes?
low self-esteem, high levels of anxiety, perfectionism, and extreme competiveness
What are the treatments of eating disorders?
cognitive behavior therapy, family therapy, and drug therapy
What is the cognitive therapy approach?
change disordered thinking, behaviors.
