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Clinical Medication: HEENT > Women's Health Terms > Flashcards

Women's Health Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abortion

A

termination of pregnancy

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2
Q

Abruption Placentae

A

premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterus

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3
Q

Adenomyosis

A

benign condition in which endometrial tissue invades myometrial layer of the uterus, may be focal or diffuse

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4
Q

Adnexa

A

uterine appendages (ovaries, fallopian tubes, etc.)

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5
Q

Amenorrhea

A

absence of menstrual bleeding

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6
Q

Amsel’s criteria

A

Diagnostic criteria for bacterial vaginosis, need ¾ to be positive: 1) pH>4.5, 2) positive “whiff” test, 3)malodorous, gray, frothy discharge, 4) clue cells

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7
Q

Aneuploidy Screening

A

screening tests for abnormal number of chromosmoes (Chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, quad screen)

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8
Q

Ascus

A

atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance

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9
Q

Bacterial Vaginosis-

A

nonspecific vaginitis, bacteria etiologic but no associated inflammatory response

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10
Q

Balottment Of Uterus

A

passive movement of unengaged fetus (16-18th week of pregnancy)- The use of a finger to push sharply against the uterus and detect the presence or position of a fetus by its return impact

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11
Q

Bartholin Gland-

A

paired glands found in labia minora, function in mucus secretion, usually not palpable

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12
Q

Bicornate Uterus

A

heart shaped uterus with 2 horns (abnormally shaped uterus)

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13
Q

Bipartite Placenta

A

placenta seperated into two near equal lobes, may carry increased risk of PPH

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14
Q

Bloody Show

A

pink/brown tinged stingy mucus discharge, sign that cervix is dilating/effacing (sign that labor is coming)

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15
Q

Braxton Hicks=

A

contractions that disappear with walking or exercise, usually begin about 28 weeks (NOT true labor contractions-no not become more intense)

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16
Q

Breech

A

abnormal fetal position, bottom down instead of head

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17
Q

Candiadiasis

A

yeast infection

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18
Q

Carcinoma In Situ

A

non-invasive Ca cells, full-thickness, “cancer in place”

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19
Q

Cervical Agenesis

A

born w/o cervix (usually goes with vaginal agenesis)

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20
Q

Cervical Polyp

A

hyperplastic overgrowth leading ro projection from surface, most originate from endocervix

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21
Q

Cesarian

A

surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a woman’s abdomen and uterus to deliver her baby

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22
Q

Chadwick’s Sign

A

bluish discoloration of the vagina and cervix, caused by increased vascularity (pregnancy change)

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23
Q

Chancre

A

painless ulcer, symptom of primary syphilis

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24
Q

Chancroid

A

painful genital ulcer, combined with tender suppurative inguinal adenopathy

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25
Q

Chlamydia

A

most common STI,

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26
Q

Chloasma

A

darkening of skin during pregnancy (“mask of pregnancy”), exacerbated by sunlight, sometimes goes away with delivery but sometimes does not

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27
Q

Chorion Frondosum

A

fetal part that makes up placenta (with maternal decidua)

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28
Q

Chorionic Villus Sampling=

A

prenatal test in which a sample of chorionic villi is removed from the placenta for testing (1st trimester)

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29
Q

CIN

A

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (pre-cancer, cervical dysplasia)

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30
Q

Climacteric

A

perimenopause, time period before menopause

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31
Q

Cloaca

A

structure during development-common opening of urinary and reproductive tracts; dysgenesis may lead to rectocloacal fistula, rectovaginal fistula, persistent urogenital sinus

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32
Q

Coitus

A

sexual intercourse

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33
Q

Colposcopy

A

looking into vagina”-can look for cervical ca

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34
Q

Complete Abortion

A

products of conception are completely expelled; pain ceases, but spotting may persist; cervical os closed

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35
Q

Complete Septate Uterus

A

mullerian duct anomaly, , septum along midline of uterus

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36
Q

Condyloma Acumunata

A

-genital warts

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37
Q

Condyloma Lata

A

skin findings of secondary syphilis (wart-like lesions, flat-topped)

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38
Q

Crown-Rump Length

A

=”head to butt distance” of fetus, determines gestational age at 18-20 week US

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39
Q

Culdocentesis

A

procedure in which peritoneal fluid is obtained from the cul de sac of a female patient. It involves the introduction of a spinal needle through the vaginal wall into the peritoneal space of the pouch of Douglas

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40
Q

Cystocele (AKA prolapsed bladder)-

A

occurs when the supportive tissue between a woman’s bladder and vaginal wall weakens and stretches, allowing the bladder to bulge into the vagina

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41
Q

D&C=

A

dilation and curettage- brief surgical procedure in which the cervix is dilated in order to perform scraping of uterine lining

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42
Q

DUB

A

DUB=dysfunctional uterine bleeding-change in frequency, duration, amount of bleeding

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43
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Dysmenorrhea=painful menstruation that inhibits/prevents ADLs

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44
Q

Dyspareunia

A

Dyspareunia=painful sexual intercourse

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45
Q

Dystocia

A

Dystocia=difficult labor; abnormaly slow progress of labor primi: >2h of pushing w/o epidural

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46
Q

Eclampsia

A

Eclampsia=seizures in a patient with evidence of pre-eclampsia

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47
Q

Ectopic Pregnancy

A

implantation of pregnancy outside uterus

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48
Q

Endocervical Curettage

A

A procedure using a curette – a spoon-shaped instrument – used to scrape the mucus membrane of the endocervical canal (passageway between cervix and uterus) to obtain a small tissue sample

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49
Q

Endometrial Biopsy

A

tissue sample taken from lining of uterus

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50
Q

Endometriosis

A

presence of abnormal growth of tissue histologically resembling endometrium present in locations other than the uterine lining

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51
Q

Epidural Block -

A

local anesthetic, blocks nerve impulses from lower spine segments

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52
Q

Ferning

A

Ferning=presence of dried amniotic salts on slide (fluid analysis)

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53
Q

Fetal Distress=

A

Fetal Distress=abnormal heart tones

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54
Q

Fibroadenoma=

A

Fibroadenoma=benign tumor or fibrous stroma (breast)-common in younger women

55
Q

Fibrocystic Disease=

A

Fibrocystic Disease=macrocysts, microcysts, stromal fibrosis, adenosis, epithelial metaplasia and hyperplasia, important and common cause of cyclic mastalgia

56
Q

Fornix

A

recess around cervix

57
Q

Hypermenorrhea=

A

abnormally heavy or prolonged menstration

58
Q

Hysterosalpingography=

A

Hysterosalpingography= X-ray test that looks at the inside of the uterus and fallopian tubes and the area around them

59
Q

Hysteroscopy

A

Hysteroscopy=visualization of endometrial lining with hysteroscope

60
Q

Incompetent Cervix=

A

Incompetent Cervix=weak cervical tissue contributes to premature birth or loss of otherwise healthy pregnancy (predisposing factors=hx in previous pregnancies, cervical conization or surgery, cervical injury, DES exposure, anatomic abnormalities of cervix); presents as “silent” cervical dilation in 2nd trimester (tx-cerclage-closing with strong sutures, must first confirm viable uterine pregnancy)

61
Q

Incomplete Abortion

A

Incomplete Abortion=some portion of products of conception (usually placental) remain in the uterus; cervix dilated

62
Q

Inevitable Abortion=

A

Inevitable Abortion=cervix dilated and membranes may be ruptured, but passage of products of conception has not yet occurred. Bleeding and cramping persist, and passage of products of conception is considered inevitable

63
Q

Introitis=

A

Introitis=vaginal orifice (opening)

64
Q

Intromission

A

Intromission=the action or process of inserting the penis into the vagina in sexual intercourse

65
Q

IUD=

A

intrauterine device

66
Q

Laparoscopy-

A

Laparoscopy-laparoscope inserted through small incision in abdomen to visualize pelvic organs

67
Q

Leiomyosis

A

Leiomyosis-having leiomyomas aka benign smooth muscle neoplasms (fibroids)

68
Q

Leukoplakic (Leukoplakia)=

A

Leukoplakic (Leukoplakia)=white lesions

69
Q

Leukorrhea=

A

Leukorrhea=white discharge, a/w chronic cervicitis

70
Q

Lichen Planus=

A

Lichen Planus=distinctive inflammatory eruption of skin and mucous membranes (mouth, vulva, vagina, nails, scalp, esophagus, nose, conjunctiva, ears, bladder)

71
Q

Lichen Sclerosis=

A

Lichen Sclerosis=uncommon condition that creates patchy, white skin that’s thinner than normal. Lichen sclerosus may affect skin on any part of your body, but most often involves skin of the vulva, foreskin of the penis or skin around the anus

72
Q

Lichen Simplex Chronicus=

A

Lichen Simplex Chronicus= benign epithelial thickening and hyperkeratosis resulting from chronic irritation

73
Q

Lymphogranuloma Venereum-

A

Lymphogranuloma Venereum- uncommon sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. LGV is endemic in certain areas of Africa, Southeast Asia, India, the Caribbean, and South America

74
Q

Mastitis=

A

Mastitis=breast infection

75
Q

Meconium Aspiration-

A

Meconium Aspiration-aspiration of first fetal BM in utero

76
Q

Menarche

A

Menarche=onset of menstruation

77
Q

Menometrorrhagia=

A

Menometrorrhagia= frequent menstrual bleeding that is excessive and irregular in amount and duration

78
Q

Menorrhagia=

A

very heavy and/or prolonged flow at regular period intervals, no intermenstrual spotting

79
Q

Menopause

A

Menopause=1 year without periods

80
Q

Metrorrhagia=

A

Metrorrhagia= normal menstrual flow with spotting between periods

81
Q

Molar Pregnancy-

A

Molar Pregnancy-hydatidiform mole

82
Q

Mulluscum Contagiosum-

A

Mulluscum Contagiosum-STI caused by poxvirus, multiple dome-shaped umbilicated waxy papules

83
Q

Multiparous-

A

Multiparous-condition of a woman having born more than one child

84
Q

Myoma=

A

Myoma=tumor comprised of muscle tissue

85
Q

Nabothian Cysts=

A

Nabothian Cysts= mucus-filled lump on the surface of the cervix

86
Q

Nagele’s Rule:

A

Nagele’s Rule: used to calculate estimated due date (EDD=LMP+1 yr-3M+7 d)

87
Q

Neoplasm=

A

Neoplasm=abnormal cell proliferation (neoplasia) resulting in a tumor

88
Q

Neurofibroma-

A

Neurofibroma- benign or non-cancerous tumors that grow on nerves throughout the body

89
Q

Nulliparity-

A

Nulliparity-condition of a woman of never having given birth

90
Q

Nulliparous-

A

Nulliparous-female that has not born offspring

91
Q

Oligomenorrhea

A

Oligomenorrhea=infrequent periods

92
Q

Oxytocin-

A

Oxytocin-hormone secreted from posterior pituitary, brings on and strengthens uterine contractions during birth (Pitocin)

93
Q

Paget’s Disease-

A

Paget’s Disease-mammary= chronic eczematous disease on the skin of the nipple and the areola, a/w intraductal mammary carcinoma of underlying mammary gland; extramammary= morphologically and histologically identical to mammary PD of the nipple, the primary difference being the anatomic location

94
Q

Partial Septate Uterus=

A

Partial Septate Uterus=one of the possible mullerian abnormalities of uterine formation

95
Q

Pcos=

A

Pcos=polycystic ovarian syndrome

96
Q

Pediculosis Pubis=

A

Pediculosis Pubis=pubic lice

97
Q

Pessary=

A

Pessary=removable device placed into vagina, designed for support in pelvic organ prolapse

98
Q

Pid=

A

Pid=pelvic inflammatory disease, infectious and inflammatory disorder of the upper female genital tract, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and adjacent pelvic structures

99
Q

Placenta Previa

A

Placenta Previa-low-lying placenta, may cover internal cervical os (complete previa)

100
Q

PMDD=

A

PMDD=premenstrual dysphoric syndrome

101
Q

Polymenorrhea=

A

Polymenorrhea=frequent menstrual bleeding (<21 days between periods)

102
Q

Polyp=

A

Polyp=hyperplastic overgrowth of endomedrial glands and stroma that form a profection (sessile or pedunculated) from surface of endometrium

103
Q

Portio Vaginalis=

A

Portio Vaginalis=cervix, area of uterus that sticks out into vagina

104
Q

Post Coital-

A

Post Coital-after intercourse

105
Q

Post-Partum Hemorrhage-

A

Post-Partum Hemorrhage-vaginal bleeding >500cc, C-section >1000-1100 cc

106
Q

Pre-Eclampsia=

A

Pre-Eclampsia=BP >140 mmHg systolic or >/=90 mmHg diastolic after 20 weeks gestatsion with protinuria

107
Q

Pregnancy Induced Hypertention-

A

Pregnancy Induced Hypertention-HTN that develops >20 weeks gestation

108
Q

Premenstrual Syndrome

A

Premenstrual Syndrome=recurrent, variable cluster of troublesome physical and emotional symptoms that develop 7-14 days before onset of menses and subside when menstruation occurs

109
Q

Psychoanalgesia-

A

Psychoanalgesia-prepared labor, breathing exercises (prophylaxis)

110
Q

Pudendal Nerve Block-

A

Pudendal Nerve Block- numb pudendal nerve, used for operative vaginal delivery, numbs perineal area

111
Q

Rectocele-

A

Rectocele- bulging of the front wall of the rectum into the back wall of the vagina, type of pelvic organ prolapse

112
Q

Rh Incompatability:

A

Rh Incompatability:Rh negative woman and Rh positive fetus→risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn; Rh immune globulin given to mother within 72 h of delivery to destroy fetal Rh positive cells so mother will not produce anti-Rh antibodies

113
Q

Saline Infusion Sonohysterography=

A

Saline Infusion Sonohysterography= (AKA diagnostic hysteroscopy) fluid is instilled into uterine cavity transcervically to enhance endometrial visualization during transvaginal US; improves sonographic detection of endometrial pathology (ex. Polyps, hyperplasia, Ca, leiomyomas, and adhesions)

114
Q

Salingo-Oophorectomy (TAH-BSO)=

A

Salingo-Oophorectomy (TAH-BSO)=total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy

115
Q

Salpingitis=

A

Salpingitis=inflammation of fallopian tubes

116
Q

Sheehan’s Syndrome-

A

Sheehan’s Syndrome-postpartum pituitary necrosis causing hypopit

117
Q

Sitz Baths-

A

Sitz Baths- warm water bath used for healing or cleansing purposes. You sit in the bath. The water covers only your hips and buttocks. The water may contain medication. Sitz baths are often used to relieve pain, itching, or muscle spasms. The baths are often recommended to relieve pain and speed healing after hemorrhoid surgery or an episiotomy.

118
Q

Skene Duct-

A

Skene Duct-from skene’s gland to surface of vulva

119
Q

Skene Glands-

A

Skene Glands-secreting glands close to urethral opening, homologous to male prostate, “female ejaculation gland”

120
Q

Sonohysterography-

A

Sonohysterography-saline-infusion sonography

121
Q

Spinal Block-

A

Spinal Block-medicine injected into spinal cord, used for planned C-sections

122
Q

Stations Of The Fetal Head-

A

Stations Of The Fetal Head-(-3-3), position of head in relation to ischial spines

123
Q

Syphilis=

A

Syphilis=STI caused by Treponemia pallidum,; primary, secondary, and tertiary

124
Q

Threated Abortion=

A

Threated Abortion=bleeding/cramping occurs, but pregnancy continues; cervix not dilated

125
Q

Trichomonas

A

Trichomonas=flagellated protozoan, causes a type of sexually transmitted vulvovaginitis, rarely can be transmitted as a fomite

126
Q

Umbilical Cord Prolapse-

A

Umbilical Cord Prolapse- rare obstetrical emergency that occurs when the umbilical cord descends alongside or beyond the fetal presenting part

127
Q

Vaginitis

A

Vaginitis=inflammation of the vagina

128
Q

Vaginosis

A

Vaginosis=bacterial overgrowth

129
Q

VAIN=

A

VAIN=vaginal intraepithelial neoplasm

130
Q

VIN=

A

VIN=vulvar intraepithelial neoplasm

131
Q

Vulvodynia=

A

Vulvodynia=vulvar pain in absence of relevant visible clinical findings

132
Q

Vulvovaginitis=

A

Vulvovaginitis=inflammation of vulva and vagina

133
Q

Xerosis

A

Xerosis=dry skin/mucous membranes

134
Q

Hematocolopos

A

when the vagina fills with menstral blood

Clinical Medication: HEENT (39 decks)

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