WK9: Key Words Flashcards
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A condition of severe acute inflammation and pulmonary edema without evidence of fluid overload or impaired cardiac function
Anoxia
The absolute deprivation of oxygen
Aspiration
Inhaling a foreign substance into the lung
Asthma
– A condition in which the
airways narrow - usually reversible – in response to certain stimuli
- A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways
Atelectasis
A condition of collapse and nonaeration of the alveoli
Atopic
Individuals with genetic predisposition to developing hypersensitivities
Bronchiectasis
The irreversible dilation and destruction of the bronchial tree most often caused by chronic obstruction or infection
Cystic Fibrosis
Autosomal recessive; disorder of electrolytes and subsequently water transport that affects certain epithelial cells
- (lining of respiratory, digestive and reproductive tracts)
Clubbing
- A painless enlargement and flattening of the tips of fingers or toes due to chronic hypoxia
Cyanosis
result of a greater proportion of desaturated haemoglobin in the blood
Dyspnea
Subjective feeling of shortness of breath or the inability to get enough air
Emphysema
Irreversible enlargement of the air spaces beyond the terminal
bronchioles, most notably in the alveoli
- resulting in destruction of the alveolar walls and obstruction of airflow.
Hemoptysis
Abnormal sputum- coughing up blood from the respiratory tract;
defined by the presence of RBCs in the sputum.
Hypercapnia
State of increased carbon dioxide in the blood
Hypoxemia
Decreased oxygen in the arterial blood leading to a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)
Hypoxia
cellular deprivation of oxygen
Orthopnea
The physical need to sit in an upright or standing position to reduce respiratory effort.
Phlegm
Large amounts of sputum expectorated from oropharynx
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs occurring commonly in the bronchioles, interstitial lung tissue, or the alveoli
Pneumothorax
The presence of air in the pleural space that causes the lungs to
collapse
Sepsis
Bacterial infection in the blood
- most common cause of Acute Respiratory distress syndrome
Chronic bronchitis
Persistent, productive cough lasting three months or greater at least for two or more consecutive years
COPD
Persistent narrowing (blocking or obstruction) of the airways occurring with emphysema/chronic bronchitis
Costochondritis
Inflammation of one or more costal cartilages
Pleuritis
Pleural pain that increases with deep inspiration
