Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pathophysiology

A

the study of mechanisms of disease

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2
Q

Pathology

A

the study of changes in cells and tissues as a result of injury or disease

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3
Q

Physiology

A

the study of body functions

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4
Q

Pathogenesis

A

the origin and development of disease

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5
Q

Aetiology

A

study of the precise cause of the disease

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6
Q

Idiopathic

A

When there is no known aetiology

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7
Q

iatrogenic

A

diseases caused as a result of a medical treatment

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8
Q

precipitating factors

A

triggers that promote the onset of clinical manifestations

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9
Q

local manifestations

A
  • refers to manifestations that are found directly at the site of the disease and are confined to that specific area
  • e.g. confined redness, swelling, bruising, or pain
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10
Q

systemic’ manifestations

A
  • “refers to manifestations present throughout the body and are not confined to one area”
  • e.g. fever, lethargy, generalised body aching, high blood pressure
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11
Q

acute manifestations

A
  • “refers to manifestations or acute diseases that begin abruptly and last a few days to a few months”
  • e.g. cold
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12
Q

insidious

A

develops gradually

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13
Q

remissions

A

symptom-free periods during chronic diseases

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14
Q

asymptomatic

A

when a person does not have any noticeable symptoms although diagnostic tests may indicate that the disease is present

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15
Q

diagnosis

A

the identification of a disease

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16
Q

prognosis

A
  • the forecast or prediction of how an individual will proceed through the disease process”
  • excellent prognosis = most likely to recover completely
17
Q

morbidity

A

refers to the negative outcomes of disease complications that impact the quality of life

18
Q

epidemiology

A

the study of disease in populations

19
Q

incidence

A

rate of occurrence of disease at any given time
- e.g. 1 in 200,000

20
Q

prevalence

A
  • the number or percentage of a population living with a particular disease at a given time
21
Q

endemic

A

when the incidence and prevalence of a disease is predictable

22
Q

epidemic

A

a dramatic increase in disease incidence in a population

23
Q

pandemic

A

when an epidemic spreads across continents

24
Q

clinical manifestations

A

the presenting signs and symptoms of the disease

25
Q

aetiology

A

the study of the causes of a disease