Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LPSCI flashcards > wk5?+Mutation, Genetic Variation, Gametogenesis, ERRORS IN CELL CYCLE > Flashcards

wk5?+Mutation, Genetic Variation, Gametogenesis, ERRORS IN CELL CYCLE Flashcards

1
Q
  • are the original source of genetic diversity
  • create different versions of genes called alleles
  • reshuffling of alleles during sexual reproduction produces genetic variation
A

MUTATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or false? hays pagod na ba kau? same p

Homologous pairs of chromosomes orient randomly at metaphase I of meiosis kaya may genetic variation

A

TRUE SO MUCH!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

in ___________ __________, each pair of chromosomes sorts maternal and paternal homologs into daughter cells INDEPENDENTLY(clue toh) of the othe pairs

A

INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the number of combinations possible when chromosomes assort independently into gametes is 2^n (n is the haploid number)

so for humans 2^?

A

2^23!! so more than 8 million possible combinations of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • produces recombinant chromosomes which combine genes inherited from each parent
  • begins every early in prophase I as homologous chromosomes pair up gene by gene
A

CROSSING OVER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

contributes to genetic variation by combining DNA from two parents into a single chromosome

A

CROSSING OVER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

homologous portions of two nonsister chromatids trade places

A

CROSSING OVER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

adds to genetic variation because any sperm can fuse any ovum

A

RANDOM FERTILIZATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_______ _________ results in the accumulation of genetic variations favored by the environment

A

NATURAL SELECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

means formation of gametes (sperm and ova)

A

GAMETOGENESIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the process of development of spermatids from the male primordial germ cells and their differentiation into spermatozoa

A

SPERMATOGENESIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • formation of female gametes
  • differentiation of female primordial germ cell (oogonium) into mature ovum
A

OOGENESIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 MAIN PHASES OF SPERMATOGENESIS AND OOGENESIS

A
  1. Period of MULTIPLICATION
  2. Period of GROWTH
  3. Period of MATURATION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the primordial germ cells multiply by mitotic cell division giving rise to OOGONIA(females) and SPERMATOGONIA(males)

A

PERIOD OF MULTIPLICATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

During these phase, both oogonia and spermatogonia grow into primary oocyte or primary spermatocyte

A

PERIOD OF GROWTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

in females, the primary oocyte undergoes two meiotic cell divisions:
1. gives rise to secondary oocyte + polar body
2. gives rise to mature ova and secondary polar body

A

PERIOD OF MATURATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • male sex gland, located in scrotum
  • produces sperm and androgens
A

TESTIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sperm storage, complete of sperm maturation

A

EPIDIDYMIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

duct that transports the sperm from the scrotum to the prostate gland

A

VAS DEFERENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

secretes fluid rich in fructose to semen

A

SEMINAL VESICLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

contributes milky alkaline fluid that assists sperm activation

A

PROSTATE GLAND

22
Q

contributes mucus to semen

A

COWPERS GLAND (BILBOURETHRAL GLAND)

23
Q

organ of copulation in males

A

URETHRA (PENIS)

24
Q

serve a number of functions during spermatogenesis like providing the cells with nourishment and molecular signals

A

SERTOLI CELLS

25
Q

a normal baby girl had about 2 million primary oocytes in her ovaries but by 7 years old about how many remain?

A

300,000

26
Q

during the reproductive years of a woman, only about how many are released?

A

400 to 500

27
Q

basahin niyo lang to HQHAHHA d q magets

penetration of the sperm includes the secondary oocyte and the first polar body to complete meiosis II

A

kaya pa ba

28
Q

may mali ba or wala?

MEIOSIS I
prophase I = 4n
metaphase I = 4n
anaphase I = 2n
telophase I = 2

MEIOSIS II
prophase II = 2n
metaphase II = 2n
anaphase II = n
telophase II = n

A

syempre wala, lilituhin ko pa ba kau, love u p balik ka na <33

29
Q

all cancers starts with a?

A

GENE MUTATION

30
Q
  • positive cell cycle regulators
  • a gene involved in normal cell growth
  • mutations (changes) in this may cause it to become an oncogene, which can cause the growth of cancer cells
A

PROTO-ONCOGENES

31
Q

when activated, can prevent the cell from undergoing uncontrolled division

A

TUMOR-SUPRESSOR GENE

32
Q
  • the procress of programmed cell death
  • used to rid of the body of cells that have been damaged beyond repair awts
A

APOPTOSIS

33
Q

changes in chromosome structure or number

A

CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS

34
Q

presence of additional chromosome SETS

A

EUPLOIDY

35
Q

is the presence of a VARIABLE number of chromosomes

A

ANEUPLOIDY

36
Q

inability of the spindle fiber to attract the chromosomes

A

NONDISJUNCTION

37
Q

homologous chromosomes or sister chromatid fails to separate

A

NONDISJUNCTION

38
Q

extra no.21 chromosome

A

TRISOMY 21 or DOWN SYNDROME

39
Q

single line across the palm [seen with ppl with down syndrome]

*pakifamiliarize characs ng mga taong may gantong syndrome kineme kasi baka may pic pakita paidentify]

A

Palmar crease

40
Q

characteristics of a person with down syndrome

A

small ears
short neck
almond-shaped eyes that slant up
tounge that tends to stick out

41
Q

has 3 copies of chromosome number 18

A

TRISOMY 18 or EDWARDS SYNDROME

42
Q

characteristics of a person with edwards syndrome

A

boxer fist - ung joke ni miss lawls bato bato pick
abnormally shaped physical characteristic
low set ears
internal organs forming and functioning differently

43
Q

extra copy of chromosome no.13

A

TRISOMY 13 or PATAU SYNDROME

44
Q

characteristics of a person with patau syndrome

A

poldactyly - extra toes
holoprosencephally - forebrain fail to divide
HYPOTELORISM - problems with the development of the NASAL passages (pinaka halata kaya nakacaps)
anophthalmia - reduced distance between the eyes
microphthalmia - absence of 1 or both eyes

45
Q

only 1 sex chromosome
only occurs in girls

A

MONOSOMY or TURNER SYNDROME
bali [XO]

46
Q

characs ng monosomy or turner syndrome

A

shorter than most girls
dont go thru normal puberty
webbed neck

47
Q

3 sex chromosome na XXY

A

KLINEFELTER SYNDROME

48
Q

characs klinefelter

A

taller than average stature
men with female characteristics (boobs/hips)

49
Q

3 sex chromosome na XYY

A

JACOBS SYNDROME

50
Q

characs jacobs syndrome

A

might be taller than boys
problems with spoken language
coordination problems
hand tremors
behavioral problems

LPSCI flashcards (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions