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LPSCI flashcards > Biology (ACAD1) > Flashcards

Biology (ACAD1) Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of water

A
  1. Water is a polar molecule because it contains oxygen which is a highly electronegative atom.
  2. Can form strong bonds because of its strong intermolecular force of attraction
  3. Versatile solvent
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2
Q

Which can be explained by the solvent properties of water?

A. Sodium chloride is transported as Na+ and Cl- in blood
B. Movement of water occurs under tension in the xylem
C. Water is the coolant in sweat
D. Ice floats on liquid water

A

A, hint: the rest are not about solution

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3
Q

Which of the following fatty acids has the lowest melting point?

A. CH3(CH2)10COOH
B. CH3(CH2)12COOH
C. CH3(CH2)14COOH
D. CH3(CH2)16COOH

A

A because it has the least atoms

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4
Q

Which of the following food items can we find the most amount of unsaturated fats?

A. Butter
B. Milkshake
C. Chocolates
D. Burger patty

A

C, because chocolates contain cocoa from the cacao plant. Unsaturated fats are predominantly found in plants.

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5
Q

Type of fatty acid that is solid at room temperature, has a straight structure and no double bond. Examples of these are beef, butter and coconut oil.

A

Saturated fat

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6
Q

Type of fatty acid that has one double bond in cis configuration, has a bent structure and is liquid at room temperature. Example is olive oil and peanut oil.

A

Monounsaturated fat

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7
Q

Type of fatty acid that has multiple double bonds, has an even more bent structure, and is liquid at room temp.

A

Polyunsaturated fats

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8
Q

The different shapes and functions of different proteins are determined by?

A. whether or not they contain any amino acids
B. the R groups of the amino acids they contain
C. the amino groups of the amino acids they contain
D. the carboxyl groups of the amino acids they contain

A

B

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9
Q

The alteration of the three dimensional structure of the protein is an effect of what?

A

Protein denaturation.

Heat, for example, can denature a protein. However, you cannot denature a protein through condensation. Example of this is when you fry an egg, the white parts turn opaque.

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10
Q

These are proteins that speed up chemical reaction.

A

Enzyme

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11
Q

All enzymes are proteins, but not all proteins are enzymes. True or false.

A

True

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12
Q

What is decreased when lactase is added?

A. Calcium
B. Sweetness
C. Disaccharides
D. Monosaccharides

A

C.

Disaccharides are Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose. The function of Lactase is to target lactose, therefore the answer is C.

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13
Q

Which variable has the least effect on enzyme activity?

A. temperature
B. Light intensity
C. pH
D. substrate concentration

A

B

  • Temperature has major effect.
  • Enzyme is sensitive to pH, for enzyme to be active, it must have a specific pH level
  • As the concentration of substrate increases, the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate.
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14
Q

Single stranded nucleic acid. RNA or DNA?

A

RNA

DNA is double-stranded and antiparallel

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15
Q

Contains Thymine instead of Uracil.

A

DNA

RNA has cytosine, guanine, adenine and uracil.
DNA has cytosine, guanine, adenine and thymine

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16
Q

Smallest unit of life

A

Cell

17
Q

The cell theory states that all new cells come from preexisting cells, true or false?

A

True, it’s a principle of cell theory.

18
Q

What happens to the surface area to volume ratio as a cell grows?

A. It decreases
B. It increases
C. It doubles
D. It does not change

A

A

Refer to this image for explanation: https://imgur.com/kgbtwfT

19
Q

Which of the choices can differentiate plant, fungal and animal cells?

A. Cell wall
B. ribosomes
C. Cell membrane
D. All of the above

A

A

20
Q

All cells have what?

A

Genetic material (DNA)
Cytoplasm (w/ ribosomes)
Cell membrane

21
Q

Rough ER makes what

A

protein

22
Q

Smooth ER makes what

A

Lipids

23
Q

stores water and maintains turgor pressure in a plant cell.

A

central vacuole

24
Q

Type of cell that has no nucleus present and no membrane-bound organelles within their cytoplasm. Example of this is Archae and Bacteria

A

Prokaryotes

25
Q

A large, dynamic structure that serves many roles in the cell including calcium storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

26
Q

Type of cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria) . Example of this is Eukarya, such as algae, protozoa and etc.

A

Eukaryotes

27
Q

a cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.

A

Golgi apparatus

28
Q

a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes.

A

Lysosomes

29
Q

Which one has few small vacuoles instead of one large vacuole, plant or animal cell?

A

Animal cell

30
Q

Which one has a cell wall, plant or animal cell.

A

Plant cell

31
Q

Which one has rectangular shaped cell, plant or animal cell?

A

Plant cell

32
Q

Which one has Lysosomes, plant or animal cell?

A

Animal cell

33
Q

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

A. Nerve cell
B. Bacterial cell
C. Smooth muscle cell
D. Phagocytic white blood cell

A

D

phagocystosis is cell eating, and you’ll most likely see lysosomes in action

33
Q

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?

A. Nerve cell
B. Bacterial cell
C. Smooth muscle cell
D. Phagocytic white blood cell

A

D

phagocystosis is cell eating, and you’ll most likely see lysosomes in action

34
Q

Which of the following organelles will probably be present at unusually high proportions in a cell from heart muscle?

A. Lysosome
B. golgi bodies
C. mitochondria
D. endoplasmic reticulum

A

C.

Heart needs continuous supply of energy so it won’t stop

35
Q

Cell membrane is comprised of phospholipids which has?

A

hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic fatty acid tails

LPSCI flashcards (9 decks)

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