wk 7- tibia, fibula, tarsals and ankle joint Flashcards
what joint is, what ligaments attach and what movement is the Proximal tibiofibular joint?
•Plane synovial joint (flat facets)
•Articular joint capsule attaches to margins of the articular surfaces
•Anterior and posterior ligaments
•Slight movement during dorsiflexion
what joint, ligaments and movements is the distal tibiofibular joint
- Syndesmotic fibrous joint (compound )
• Compound because:
• Interosseous membrane (unites shafts)
•Anterior, Interosseous and Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments
•NB posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament forms inferior tibiofibular joint =
unites distal ends (malleoli) of bone > posterior wall of ankle joint
•ESSENTIAL for stability of ankle joint as it keeps lateral malleolus firmly against
surface of lateral surface of talus – slight movement during dorsiflexion
types of arches and what bones are included in them? and keystone for each
medial longitudinal arch- calcaneus, metatarsals 1, 2, 3, cuneiform M, I, L, talus (talus)
lateral longitudinal arch- calcaneus, cuboid, metatarsals 4, 5. (cuboid)
transverse arch- base of metatarsals, all cuneiforms, cuboid
arches of foot created by
1) Shape of the bones
2) Tightness of associated
ligaments
3) Muscles that cross joint
supporting arches
flat foot is also called and causes
pes planus
• Ligament weakness (plantar
clacaneonavicular/spring lig)
• Muscle weakness (tibialis
posterior, fibularis longus)
• Injury to the foot
• Risk factors such as injury,
obesity and rheumatoid
arthritis
high arch foot is called? and symptoms
pes cavus
Metatarsalgia (1st and 5th metatarsal heads)
• Calluses/corns
• Claw toes
• Ankle joint instability with frequent sprains
• Tight Achilles tendons
what does deltoid ligament do for the ankle joint?
Medial/deltoid ligament – stabiles ankle joint during eversion and
prevents subluxation (partial dislocation) of the joint
lateral ligaments of ankle joint
- Anterior talofibular ligament
lateral malleolus to lateral facet and
neck of talus - Posterior talofibular ligament
horizontally from lateral malleolar fossa
to lateral tubercle of talus - Calcaneofibular ligament
long cordlike ligament extends from apex
of lateral malleolus to ~ pereonal
tubercle on calcaneus
major movements of ankle joint?
dorsiflexion - initiated by extensor muscles
plantar flexion- initiated by flexor muscles
minor movements of ankle joint
inversion and eversion
cuneiforms
Medial Cuneiform
Lateral surface has an L-shaped facet.
Intermediate Cuneiform
Medial surface has an L-shaped facet.
Lateral surface has a B-shaped facet.
Lateral Cuneiform
Medial surface has a B:-shaped facet.
Lateral surface has 2 facets.
medial collateral/ deltoid ligaments
Three superficial bands
1. Tibiocalcaneal ligament
2. Tibionavicular ligament
3. Superficial post. tibiotalar ligament
Two deep bands
1. Deep anterior tibiotalar
2. Deep posterior tibiotalar
lateral collateral ligament
- Anterior talofibular ligament
- Calcaneofibular ligament
- Posterior talofibular ligament
what 2 joints are sndesmoses joint?
joined by 2 bones and ligaments to support the joint
distal tibiofibular joint and cuboideonavicular joint
what movement does the proximal tibiofibular joint do
gliding
do phalanges count as the arches of the foot?
no
talus articulates with what bones?
tibia fibula, calcaneus and navicular
what muscle attaches to the navicular bone
tibialis posterior
what muscle goes through the posterior groove between tubercles on the talus?
flexor hallucis longus
what is the surface of the talus called that articulates with the tibia
trochlear surface
how many facets does the talus have for the tibia
2
how many articular facets does the plants surface of the talus have
4
anatomical joints may have what
limited movement, 2 or more bones, several articular surfaces, one joint cavity
whats another name for functional joint
clinical joint
functional joints must have more than 1 what?
anatomical joint
pronation involves what movements
dorsiflexion, abduction and eversion
supination involves
dorsiflexion, adduction and inversion
the ankle joint is what kind of joint
modified hinge joint
the deltoid ligament attaches to what structure on the calcaneus
sustentaculum tali
what do all lateral collately ligaments attach to?
fibula
what shape is the trochlear surface
concayoconvex
what part of the tibia does the deltoid ligament attach to?
medial malleolus
on what side of the calcaneus is the sustentaculum talo
medial
what does the navicular articulate with
talus, cuboid and all cuneiform
the lateral cuneiform articulates with what
navicular, cuboid, intermediate cuneiform second third and fourth metatarsal
an articular facet of the letter B is on what
medial surface of the lateral cuneiform bone and lateral surface of the intermediate
what is the smallest tarsal bone
intermediate cuneiform bone
what goes into the groove of the cuboid bone
fibulas longus tendon
synovial joints exist between the cuboid and what bones?
5th metatarsal, navicular, 4th metatarsal
how many grooves for the fibulas longus is there?
2- fibula and cuboid
how many grooves are there for the tendon of flexor hallucis longus and where
3- talus, tibia, calcaneus
is there more than one sulcus?
yes on talus and calcaneus between their articular surfaces
between the talus and calcaneus, what are the articular facets called and how many ?
on plantar surface of talus- anterior, middle, posterior calcaneal facet and sulcus tali
on dorsal surface of calaceanus- anterior middle posterior talar facet and sulcus calcanei
what main features are on the planter of the calcaneus
lateral and medial process of calcanea tuberosity and anterior tubercle
what feature does the navicular have on the medial surface and what attaches
navicular tuberosity, tibialis posterior
what features does the cuboid have on its plantar surface
1 Peroneal ridge
2 Peroneal groove
3 Tuberosity (lateral)
4 Beak of cuboid
what tendon runs under the cuboid through the groove
fibulas longus and brevis
