WK 7: Lymphatic Drainage Flashcards
Describe Lymph, and its components
- Is extracellular fluid From tissues
- Clear watery solution with a composition similar to plasma.
- Proteins, fats, large particulate matter, cells
What are the components of the lymphatic system
- Lymphatic capillaries
- lymphatic plexuses
- lymphatic vessels
- lymphatic trunks and ducts
- lymph nodes
- lymphoid organs
- tonsillar tissue
What are the Lymphoid organs
thymus, spleen, appendix, gut
Describe the function and structure of lymph nodes
nodules of organized lymphoid tissue, has multiple afferent vessels and 1 efferent vessel.
Nodule contains dentritic cells and T,B cells.
Can be a secondary or primary lymph node based on where the lymph has drained from.
Main function is to filter toxins out of the lymph so there is no spread of infection to the blood system.
Describe generally the drainage of the lymphatics from the left and right side of the body to the heart.
Right Side: right head, trunk and arm all drain into the right Subclavian/ right jugular trunk and then right atrium
Left side: left side of body and all lower extremities, drain into the left subclavian vein/ left jugular trunk and into the Rt Atrium.
Describe the tonsils and what makes up waldeyers tonsillar ring
They are masses lymphoid tissue in the oral cavity and pharynx,
Tonsillar ring
- Pharyngeal (adenoid, tubul, palatine, lingual)
which tonsil is removed in children most often
Palatine
What happens when there is inflammation or infection spreading in the adenoids
Unable to equalize your ears due to proximity to the Eustachian tube
what are the superficial nodes of the head and their drainage
Occipital (1-3) Occ portion of the scalp
Retroauricular (1-3) posterior to the ear
Anterior Auricular (1-3) Anterior to the ear
Superficial Parotid (10)
- Drains Ex ear, lacrimal gland and face/scalp
Facial (12)
- skin and mucosa of the facial region
What are the deep nodes of the head and their drainage? Can they be palpated?
Deep parotid (up to 10)
- Drains middle ear and Eustachian tube
retropharyngeal (up to 3)
- drains pharynx,palate, paransasl sinuses and nasal cavity
what are the superficial nodes of the neck and their drainage?
Submental (2-3) located inferior to chin near midline
- drains both sides of chin, lower lip, floor of mouth, MD incisors
Submandibular (3-6)
- inferior border of ramus, superficial to the submandibular gland
- Drains Cheeks upper lip, tongue, ant Hard palate, MD, MX teeth (except MD incisors, MX wisdom)
External jugular
- Along the EX jug Vein, and Superficial to SCM
Anterior Jugular
- anterior to SCM
- drains the infrahyoid region
what are the Deeps nodes of the neck and their drainage?
Superior Deep Group
Drain Mx 3rd Molars, esophagus, trachea, thyroid gland
Inferior Deep Group
What is lymphadenopathy and describes changes seen in nodes
Increase in size and change in consistency of the lymph nodes as a response to infectious or malignant disease in the region.
- Tend to be firm and mobile, tender
- increase in size and number of lymphocytes
what is metastasis and describe what occurs with lymph nodes
spread of a carcinoma from the original or primary site of tutor to another site.
- Become body hard an fixed to the surrounding tissues.
- Not tender to palpation
Compare Lymphadenopathy and lymphatic Metastasis
Lymphadenopathy
- Tender to palpation
- firm
- Mobile
Metastasis
- hard
- Not tender to palpation
- Fixed to tissue (NOT MOBILE)
