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DS2102 Anatomy > W2: Osteology > Flashcards

W2: Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

What structures form the neurocranium and explain which structures are paired/single

A
  1. Ethmoid- single
  2. Frontal- single
  3. Occipital- single
  4. Parietal- pair
  5. Temporal- pair
  6. Sphenoid- single
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2
Q

What structures form the viscerocranium and explain which which structures are paired/single

A
  1. Nasal bone- paired
  2. Maxilla- paired
  3. Mandible- single
  4. Vomer- single
  5. Inferior nasal concha- paired
  6. Lacrimal- paired
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3
Q

How many irregular bones does our skull consist of?

A

22

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4
Q

Which bone of our skull is considered a regular bone?

A

Ossicles

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5
Q

What bones form the calvaria?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid

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6
Q

What suture forms the junction between the parietal and sphenoid bone

A

Sphenoparietal suture

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7
Q

What structures form the pterion

A

Coronal suture
Sphenofrontal suture
Sphenoparietal suture
Squamous suture sphenosquamous suture

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8
Q

What structures form the zygomatic arch

A

Zygomatic process of temporal bone
Temporal process of zygomatic bone

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9
Q

What sutures form the Bregma junction

A

Coronal and sagital

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10
Q

What structures form the aterion junction

A

Squamous suture
Occipitomastoid suture
Lambdoid suture

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11
Q

What muscles attach(originate) at the superior nuchal line?

A

Trapezius
Occipitalis

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12
Q

What artery does the middle meningael artery branch from, what nerve does it pass through and what foramen does it travel through

A
  1. Maxillary branch of the external common carotid artery
  2. Auriculotemporal nerve of V3
  3. Foramen spinosum
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13
Q

What structures travel through the optic canal?

A

Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

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14
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN 3
CN 4
CN 6
V1
Superior ophthalmic vein

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15
Q

What structures pass through the foramen rotundum?

A

V2

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16
Q

What structures travel through the foramen ovale

A
  • V3
  • Occasionally lesser petrosal nerve
    -accessory meningeal artery
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17
Q

What structures travel through the foramen spinosum?

A

V2 meningeal nerve
V3 middle meningeal nerve
Middle meningeal artery

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18
Q

What structures travel through the sphenoid emissary foramen

A

Emissary veins

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19
Q

What structures exit through the foramen lacerum

A

NONE
But- structures that pass mid way through are internal carotid artery greater and deep petrsoal

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20
Q

What structures travel through the internal acoustic meatus

A

CN 7
CN 8
LABYRINTHINE ARTERY

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21
Q

What structures travel through the mastoid foramen

A

Emissary veins
Sometimes the occipital artery

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22
Q

What structures travel through the carotid canal

A

Internal common carotid and nerve plexus

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23
Q

What structures pass within the jugular foramen

A

CN 9
CN 10
CN 11
Sigmoid sinus
Inferior petrosal sinus
Posterior meningeal artery

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24
Q

What structures travel through the condylar canal

A

Emissary veins and meningeal artery of ascending pharyngeal artery

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25
Q

What structures travel through the external acoustic meatus

A

AIR

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26
Q

What structures travel through the hypoglossal canal

A

CN 12

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27
Q

What structures travel through the foramen magnum

A

Meninges
Medulla oblongata
CN 11
Vertebral artery
Meningeal branches of vertebral artery

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28
Q

What structure splits the middle and posterior cranial fossa

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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29
Q

What connective tissue attaches to the crista galli

A

Fall cerebri

30
Q

What nerves supply sensory innervation to the dura of the anterior cranial fossa

A

V1
V2

31
Q

What nerves supply sensory innervation to the dura of the middle cranial fossa

A

V2
V3

32
Q

What nerves supply sensory innervation to the dura of the posterior cranial fossa

A

CN 9
CN 10

33
Q

What nerves supply sensory innervation to the falx cerebri and Tentorium cerebelli

A

V1

34
Q

Provide three bones that the occipital bone articulates with?

A

Sphenoid
Parietal
Temporal

35
Q

What foramen are present within the occipital bone

A

Hypoglossal canal
Jugular foramen
Foramen magnum

36
Q

What muscle attaches to the pharyngeal tubercle

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

37
Q

Provide 4 bones that the frontal bone articulates with

A

Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxilla
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
Nasal
Parietal

38
Q

Provide 4 structures that the parietal bone articulates with

A

Itself via sagital suture
Frontal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid

39
Q

What 5 structures does the temporal bone articulate with

A

Zygomatic bone
Sphenoid
Parietal
Occipital
Mandible

40
Q

What bone formation process is involved with the temporal bone?

A

Intramembranous ossification
Squamous portion(1)
Tympanic portion (1)
Mastoid portion (4)
Petrous portion (4)

41
Q

What 4 structures make up the squamous portion of the temporal bone?

A

Zygomatic process
Asrticular fossa
Articular eminence
Postglenoid process

42
Q

Provide 4 structures present within the petrous portion of the temporal bone

A

Jugular notch
Carotid canal
Styloid process
Mastoid process
Mastoid notch
Styloid-mastoid foramen
Internal acoustic meatus

43
Q

Label structure

A
44
Q

What is the name of the structure located?

A
45
Q
A
46
Q
A
47
Q
A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q
A
51
Q
A
52
Q
A
53
Q
A
54
Q

what does the sphenoid bone make up in the orbit

A

lesser wing + greater wing= superior orbital fissure

Greater wing = superior portion of inferior orbital fissure

Greater wing= optic canal

55
Q

What Foramen are in the sphenoid bone

A

Foramen rotundum, ovali, spinosum, optic canal, Inferior and superior orbital fissure

56
Q

what are the key structures of the sphenoid (non foramina)

A

Medial and lateral ptyrygoid plates
pterygoid process
pterygoid hamlus
pterygoid fossa
Turkish saddle
sphenoid air sinus
infra temporal crest

57
Q

what makes up the Turkish saddle

A

(dorsum sellae, sella tursica, turburculum sellae)

58
Q

How many bones does ethmoid articulate with (name 4)

A

13 bones
(frontal, sphenoid,nasals,maxilla,lacrimals, palatines,inferiornasal concha,vomer)

59
Q

what are the key structures of ethmoid

A

cribform plate, superior and middle nasal concha, ethmoid sinus perpendicular plate (nasal septum), Orbital plate, crista Galli

60
Q

what does the lacrimal bones articulate with

A

frontal and maxilla, and make up the medial side of the orbit

61
Q

what forms the bridge of the nose

A

Nasal bones

62
Q

what is the largest concha and what does it articulate with

A

Inferior nasal concha:
ethmoid, lacrimal ,palatine, maxilla

63
Q

describe the key structures of the zygomatic bone

A

frontal process, infraorbital rim, maxillary process, temporal process

64
Q

what are the key structures of the palatine

A

greater lesser and sphenopalatine foramina, horizontal plate, perpendicular place, orbital process

65
Q

what are the foramina in the maxilla

A

infraorbital groove, infraorbital forman, incisive forman

66
Q

Key structures of the maxilla

A

zygomatic process, canine fossa, canine eminence, maxillary tuberosity, frontal process alveolar process,

67
Q

what is the importance of the Maxilla tuberosity and the coronoid notch/ external oblique ridge of the mandible in regards to LA administration.

A

Both areas of bone are very thick and dense making it impossble for LA to penetrate the bone to anesthetize the nerves. Particularly important with Maxillary and Mandibular Molars.

68
Q

What is the solution for Effective LA administration for these areas.

A

mandible: Inferior alveolar Nerve Block
Maxilla: Bucal and lingual Infiltrations with increased volume.

69
Q

what are the key structures on the mandible

A

Ramus, External oblique ridge/line, Coronoid process, Condyle , angle of mandible, mental protuberance, alveolar process, pterygoid fovea, coronoid notch lingual, genial tubercles, mylohyoid line

70
Q

what foramina are on the mandible

A

Mental foramen, Mandibular foramen/ IAN canal

71
Q

What are the 3 key fossa on the mandible (show on skull where they are)

A

Sublingual and Submandibular, digastric fossa

DS2102 Anatomy (17 decks)

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