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Med Surg I > Wk 5 UTI > Flashcards

Wk 5 UTI Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 things does an upper UTI involve?

A

Parenchyma
Pelvis
Uterus

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2
Q

What are 3 symptoms of an upper UTI?

A

Fever
Chills
Flank pain (CVA tenderness)

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3
Q

A lower UTI has no __ manifestations

A

Systemic

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4
Q

What is the definition of pyelonephritis?

A

Inflammation, usually associated with infection, or renal parenchyma and collecting system

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5
Q

What is cystitis?

A

Inflammation of the bladder

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6
Q

What is urosepsis?

A

UTI that has spread to systemic circulation

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7
Q

Urosepsis is…

A

life-threatening

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8
Q

Anyone who has urinary __ is predisposed to a UTI

A

stasis

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9
Q

What is a good example of someone who has urinary stasis?

A

Neurogenic bladder

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10
Q

What are two immune system risk factors for UTIs?

A

Aging

Diabetes

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11
Q

What is a functional disorder that may cause a UTI?

A

Constipation

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12
Q

How does constipation cause a UTI?

A

Can impeded urine outflow

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13
Q

What is a “nurse’s bladder”?

A

A habitual delay in urinating that can lead to UTI

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14
Q

What else can cause a UTI?

A

Calculi

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15
Q

What can cause a blockage of the ureter that can lead to a UTI? (2)

A

Pregnancy

Tumors

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16
Q

What are 4 things that can cause an obstruction of the ureter?

A

Calculi
Tumors
Clots
Inflammation

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17
Q

3 things that can cause UTI concerning below the bladder?

A

Prostate hyperplasia
Carcinoma
Urethral strictures

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18
Q

What are symptoms of LOWER UTIs?

A

Bladder emptying symptoms

Bladder storage symptoms

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19
Q

What are bladder emptying symptoms? (5)

A 
Hesitancy 
Intermittency
Post-void dribbling
Urinary retention
Dysuria
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20
Q

What are bladder storage symptoms? (5)

A 
Urinary frequency
Urgency
Incontinence
Nocturia
Nocturnal enuresis
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21
Q 
Urinary frequency
Urgency
Incontinence
Nocturia
Nocturnal enuresis

What type of symptoms are these?

A

Bladder storage symptoms

22
Q 
Hesitancy 
Intermittency
Post-void dribbling
Urinary retention
Dysuria

What type of symptoms are these?

A

Bladder emptying symptoms

23
Q

Bladder emptying and storage symptoms are for __ UTIs

A

Lower

24
Q

What is nocturnal enuresis?

A

Bed wetting

25
Q

UTIs are the most common bacterial infection in…

A

women

26
Q

A UTI in women is typically a gram-__ infection

A

negative

27
Q

What bacteria is responsible for most UTIs?

A

E. coli

28
Q

What is the most common classic symptom in an elderly patient with a UTI?

A

Confusion

29
Q

What is often the first sign an elderly patient has a UTI?

A

Confusion

30
Q

What are 3 symptoms for the elderly that they may be experiencing a UTI?

A

Non-localized abdominal discomfort
Cognitive impairment
Generalized clinical deterioration

31
Q

What are 2 things we look for in urine to diagnose a UTI?

A

Bacteriuria and pyuria

32
Q

What is pyuria?

A

Pus in the urine

33
Q

What are 3 chemstrip indications that a patient had a UTI?

A

Positive for nitrates
Increased WBC
Positive for leukocyte esterase

34
Q

What 2 tests on a chemstrip indicated a patient has pyuria?

A

Increased WBC

Positive for leukocyte esterase

35
Q

What is leukocyte esterase?

A

An enzyme in white blood cells

36
Q

What do nitrates in urine indicate?

A

Bacteriuria

37
Q

List 4 reasons a clean catch urine culture may be done

A

Complicated or nosocomial UTI
Frequent UTI
Unresponsive to therapy
Questionable diagnosis

38
Q

Patient teaching on emptying

A

Empty the bladder regularly and completely, don’t rush the process

39
Q

Patient teaching on wiping

A

Wipe perineal area from front to back following urination and bowel movement

40
Q

Patient teaching on PO fluid intake

A

Drink adequate amounts of fluid daily (2-3 liters)

41
Q

There is no evidence that what prevents UTIs?

A

Cranberries

42
Q

Patient teaching on sexual activity

A

If female urinate before and after sex

43
Q

UTI risk factor reduction for catheterization:

A

Avoid putting them in or remove asap

44
Q

UTI risk factor reduction for instrumentation?

A

Careful aseptic technique

45
Q

UTI risk factor reduction for perineal care

A

Excellent hand washing, gloves wearing

46
Q

UTI risk factor reduction for incontinent patients

A

Avoid incontinence episodes, clean up asap

47
Q

What types of fluids/foods are bladder irritants? (5)

A 
Caffeine
Alcohol
Citrus juices
Chocolate
Spicy foods
48
Q

What should you NOT do if a patient has a UTI?

A

Don’t put them in a bubble bath

49
Q

What are good non-pharmacologic techniques for UTI pain? (2)

A

Warm bath or shower

Local heat to the area

50
Q

What are 2 teaching points for pharmacologic treatment of UTI for patients?

A

Take full course of antibiotics

Seek follow-up care if symptoms do not resolve

51
Q

How soon should a patient with a UTI start to see symptoms subside if they are on antibiotics?

A

A couple days

52
Q

If a patient doesn’t see symptoms of UTI subside within a couple days of antibiotic treatment they should do what?

A

Contact HCP

Med Surg I (41 decks)

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