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Med Surg I > Wk 2 Four Different Types of Anemia > Flashcards

Wk 2 Four Different Types of Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

What are four reasons someone might have iron deficiency anemia?

A

Poor intake
Inadequate gut absorption
Blood loss
Hemolysis

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2
Q

What is the number one most common symptom of iron deficiency anemia?

A

Pallor

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3
Q

Most people with iron deficiency anemia are

A

Asymptomatic

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4
Q

Where should you look to assess for pallor?

A

Conjunctiva

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5
Q

If someone has pallor in their conjunctiva, they have lost the…

A

line of demarcation

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6
Q

Another manifestation of iron deficiency anemia is…

A

epithelial atrophy

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7
Q

How does epithelial atrophy manifest?

A

Usually as glossitis, a flat, red sore tongue

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8
Q

What is the medical term for inflammed lips?

A

Cheilitis (pronounced key litis)

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9
Q

What is the medical term for brittle hair and nails?

A

Koilonychia (pronounced coy low nick iah)

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10
Q

Three types of epithelial atrophy associated with iron deficiency anemia

A

Glossitis
Cheilitis
Koilonychia

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11
Q

Pica is associated with which type of anemia?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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12
Q

Epithelia atrophy is more expected in…

A

late/long term iron deficiency anemia

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13
Q

What is the medical term for ice cravings?

A

Pagophasia

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14
Q

Pagophasia is associated with which type of anemia?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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15
Q

Pagophasia is a type of…

A

Pica

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16
Q

A patient with iron deficiency anemia RBC would look…

A

Microcytic and hypochromic

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17
Q

What does microcytic mean?

A

Small in size

18
Q

Why does hypochromic mean?

A

Pale in color

19
Q

What type of cells secrete intrinsic factor?

A

Parietal cells in the gut mucosa

20
Q

Intrinsic factor is required for __ absorption

A

Cobalamin

21
Q

Who gets pernicious anemia?

A

People who don’t make intrinsic factor due to an autoimmune disease

22
Q

Who else might be b12 deficiency?

A

Someone who has had bowel surgery/gastrectomy
Limited absorption of b12
Strict vegans (low intake)
Alcoholics

23
Q

What is the most common cause of b12 deficiency?

A

pernicious anemia

24
Q

The manifestations of b12 deficiency are…

A

insidious

25
Q

What are the manifestations of b12 deficiency anemias?

A

N/V, abdominal pain
Glossitis
Cheilitis

26
Q

What are the neuromuscular manifestations of b12? (5)

A 
Weakness
Parasthesia 
Reduced vibratory/position sense
Ataxia
Impaired thought processes
27
Q

What is ataxia?

A

Unbalanced, uncoordinated

28
Q

What is parasthesia?

A

Numbness/tingling in fingers/toes

29
Q

What are the RBCs going to look like for someone who has b12 deficiency anemia?

A

Macrocytic

Normochromic

30
Q

Who gets folate deficiency?

A

Usually not an absorption problem but an intake problem (diet/alcoholism) or pregnancy (increased demand)

31
Q

What are the manifestations of folate deficiency anemia?

A

Insidious and very similar to b12

32
Q

How do you differentiate between b12 deficiency and folate deficiency?

A

Absence of neurological symptoms

33
Q

What do the RBCs look like for someone who has folate deficiency anemia?

A

Macrocytic

Normochromic

34
Q

Aplastic anemia effects…

A

WBCs
Platelets
RBCs

35
Q

What is a term for a patient with low WBC, platelets, and RBCs?

A

pancytopenia

36
Q

Most patients with aplastic anemia is caused by…

A

idopathic

37
Q

What are the s/s of aplastic anemia

A

Leukopenia/neutropenia
Anemic
Thrombocytopenia

38
Q

How is aplastic anemia diagnosed?

A

Bone marrow biopsy

39
Q

A patient with aplastic anemia will be at risk for…

A

Fatigue
Infection
Bleeding

40
Q

What do the RBCs look like for someone with aplastic anemia?

A

Normocytic and normochromic, but there are just less of them because the red bone marrow isn’t producing them

Med Surg I (41 decks)

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