Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mammalian Cell & Tissue Structure(Y2,S1) > Wk 2: Surface Epithelium > Flashcards

Wk 2: Surface Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

6 Functions of Epithelial Tissue

A
  1. Protection
  2. Transcellular transport via selective permeability of intracellular junctions between epithelial cells
  3. Secretion - hormones, enzymes, other molecules
  4. Absorption of material from lumen
  5. Sensation via tastebuds
  6. Immune defense - physical barrier prevents invasion & epithelial cells house cells of immune system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the epithelium separated from the underlying CT by?

A

By an extracellular matrix referred to as the basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

since epithelium is avascular, how is nourishment supplied?

A

Nourishment & O2 supplied by adjacent connective tissue through capillary beds via diffusion through basement membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What kind of regenerative capacity do epithelium have

A

High regenerative capacity & can reproduce rapidly as long as they have adequate nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 constituents of the basement membrane

A
  1. Basal Lamina
  2. Lamina Reticularis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functions of basal lamina (of basement membrane)

A

Molecular filter & support for overlying epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2 components of the basal lamina

A
  1. Lamina Lucinda
  2. Lamina Densa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is simple epithelium found

A

Adapted for transport of substances between tissues.
Found in areas where absorption, secretion & filtration occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is stratified epithelium found

A

In high abrasion areas where protection is needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do polarised cells possess

A

An apical domain that faces lumen.
A basolateral domain whose basal component is in contact w basal lamina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is simple squamous epithelium adapted for

A
  • Rapid diffusion (one cell thick) of substances - O2, CO2, fluids, ions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelium found

A
  • Lining air sacs of lungs
  • Lining segments of kidney tubules
  • Lining blood vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are simple cuboidal epithelium thin enough for

A

Rapid diffusion of substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are simple cuboidal epithelium found

A
  • Renal tubules
  • Respiratory passages
  • Ducts of many glands
  • Thyroid gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are the nuclei located in simple columnar epithelium

A

Nuclei located in basal portion of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do simple columnar epithelium often have on them and for what purpose

A
  • Microvilli on apical membrane - increases surface area for absorption of substances
  • Cilia - propel substances through hollow organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where are simple columnar epithelium with microvilli found

A
  • Small intestine
18
Q

Where are simple columnar epithelium with cilia found

A
  • Uterine tubes
  • Segments of respiratory tract
19
Q

Function of stratified epithelium

A

Protective barriers in locations w high degrees of stress

20
Q

In stratified epithelium what kind of epithelium make up the apical membrane and what kind make up the basal cells (deepest cells)

A
  • Cells in the apical membrane of the epithelium are squamous in shape
  • Basal cells are cuboidal in shape
21
Q

Features of keratinised stratified squamous epithelium (5)

A
  1. Cells in apical layers are dead
  2. Cells in apical layers lack nuclei
  3. Cells in apical layers are filled with keratin
  4. The tissue is tough & resistant to friction
  5. The tissue is adapted for outer layers of skin
22
Q

Features of non keratinised stratified squamous epithelium (3)

A
  1. Cells in apical layers retain nuclei
  2. Cells in apical layers are still alive
  3. Found in regions of mechanical stress where surface must remain moist
23
Q

Where would non keratinised stratified squamous epithelium be found

A
  • Mouth
  • Throat
  • Esophagus
  • Anus
  • Vagina
24
Q

Where is lined by stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Lines ducts of sweat glands

25
Q

What shape of epithelial cell is in the apical cell layer and basal cell layer of stratified columnar epithelium

A
  • Apical cell layer is columnar
  • Basal cell layer is cuboidal
26
Q

Where is stratified columnar epithelium found

A
  • Male urethra
  • Cornea of eye
  • Ducts of salivary glands
27
Q

Which system is transitional epithelium found in

A

Only found in urinary system

28
Q

Transitional epithelium; what kind of epithelium on apical membrane vs basal layer

A
  • Basal cell layers are cuboidal
  • Apical cell layers are dome shaped when tissue is relaxed
29
Q

What is pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Epithelium that appears to be layered as nuclei are found at various heights, but the epithelium is actually one cell thick.

30
Q

Where is pseudostratified columnar epithelium found

A
  • Segments of respiratory tract
  • Nasal cavity
31
Q

What is usually found on pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Cilia

32
Q

Describe tight junctions

A
  • They hold cells tight together so the space between cells is impermeable to movement of macromolecules
33
Q

What are desmosomes composed of

A

Linking integral proteins

34
Q

What do desmosomes do

A
  • Allow materials in extracellular fluid pass through space between cells
  • Increase strength of tissue by holding cells together
35
Q

What are gap junctions

A

Small pores formed by protein channels between adjacent cells

36
Q

Function of gap junctions

A

Allow ions & small substances to flow freely between each cells cytoplasm

37
Q

What kind of cells are gap junctions found in

A

Cells that communicate with electrical signals such as cardiac muscle cells

38
Q

What happens in paracellular transport

A

Substances leak between cells in an epithelial membrane

39
Q

Why is paracellular transport limited

A

Due to tight junctions as they make spaces between cells nearly impermeable

40
Q

What happens during transcellular transport

A

Substances enter cell by crossing plasma membrane
, diffusing across cytosol and exiting cell through plasma membrane at opposite side

Mammalian Cell & Tissue Structure(Y2,S1) (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions