Wk 1_Vid 7-8

Question 1

protein functions

Answer 1

1) enzymes (speed up chemical reactions)

2) signaling molecules (hormones/neurotransmitters)

3) surface receptors (cell signaling)

4) movement (motor proteins

5) structural

Question 2

what gives each of the 20 amino acids their unique characteristics?

Answer 2

R group

Question 3

___ form proteins

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

amino acids form ___

Answer 4

proteins

Question 5

DNA function:

Answer 5

stores genetic info

Question 6

RNA function:

Answer 6

involved in expression of genetic info

Question 7

describe deoxyribose vs. ribose

Answer 7

ribose has an -OH group on the 2nd carbon

deoxyribose has an -H group on the 2nd carbon

Question 8

RNA nucleotides are held together by ___

Answer 8

phosphodiester bonds

Question 9

describe RNA structure:

Answer 9

single-stranded polymer of RNA nucleotides

phosphate backbone

nitrogenous bases

RNA nucleotides held together by phosphodiester bonds

Question 10

DNA nucleotides are held together by ___

Answer 10

phosphodiester bonds

Question 11

describe DNA structure:

Answer 11

double-stranded polymer of DNA nucleotides

phosphate backbone

nitrogenous bases

hydrogen-bonding occurs between base pairs

DNA nucleotides held together by phosphodiester bonds

Question 12

lipids:

triglycerides consist of…

Answer 12

1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid chains

Question 13

triglyceride function

Answer 13

form of stored energy for plants and animals

Question 14

phospholipid function

Answer 14

used to form cell membranes

Question 15

what is glycerol?

Answer 15

3-carbon molecule that is the “backbone” of triglycerides

Question 16

what are fatty acids?

Answer 16

long hydrocarbon chains w/ a carboxylic acid attached

Question 17

glycerol and fatty acid monomers are held together by ___

Answer 17

ester bonds

Question 18

glycerol + fatty acids ==> triglyceride via ___

Answer 18

condensation

Question 19

triglyceride ==> glycerol + fatty acids

Answer 19

hydrolysis

Question 20

how many H2O molecules are lost/gained during condensation/hydrolysis of triglycerides?

Answer 20

condensation –> lose 3 H2O

hydrolysis –> gain 3 H2O