wk 12 study questions

Question 1

purposes for orogastric intubation

Answer 1

• Administer medication and certain radiographic contrast materials
• remove stomach contents
• perform gastric lavage
• administer nutrients

Question 2

What are the possible complications of orogastric intubation

Answer 2

• Administration of materials into respiratory tract
• esophageal trauma
• gastric irritation
• gastric perforation

Question 3

What piece of equipment is commonly used as a stomach tube for dogs and
cats?

Answer 3

Red rubber urethral catheter/feeding tube

Question 4

size tube for puppy

Answer 4

12F

Question 5

size tube for 28 pound adult dog

Answer 5

18F

Question 6

size tube for 70 pound adult dog

Answer 6

foal stomach tube

Question 7

speculum

Answer 7

an instrument inserted into a body passage especially to facilitate visual inspection or medication

Question 8

When performing orogastric intubation, what is commonly used as a speculum?

Answer 8

Roll of 2 inch wide adhesive tape

Question 9

The stomach tube must be premeasured before placement. What are the
anatomical landmarks that should be used when measuring

Answer 9

tip of nose to last rib

Question 10

What precautions must be taken to accurately estimate the length of the
esophagus?

Answer 10

Follow the curvature of the neck to estimate the length of the esophagus

Question 11

Why is it extremely important that you accurately measure the length of the
stomach tube that will be passed?

Answer 11

To ensure it is entering the correct tube and reaching the stomach

Question 12

You have premeasured the stomach tube and have pre-marked the length. The
tube can’t be passed to the premeasured mark. List the possible reasons that
the tube can’t be passed to the pre marked point.

Answer 12

• The tube has been inserted into the trachea
• There is an obstruction in the esophagus
• Gastric volvulus has occurred preventing entry of the tube into the stomach

Question 13

You have just passed a stomach tube to the premeasured mark. Before
administering medication, you must check for proper placement. List ways that this can be performed and state the rationale for each.

Answer 13

• Palpate tube within the neck-two tubes should be palpable (stomach tube and
  trachea)
• Smell the end of the tube for gastric odors-if in the trachea no odor will be noticed
• Blow into the tube while assistant auscults stomach for gurgling-gurgling will only be heard it it is in the stomach and not the trachea
• Administer 5 ml of sterile saline through stomach tube and observe for cough-
  sterile saline will not cause an issue if it is administered into the lungs

Question 14

What type of tube should be used when performing orogastric intubation on an
unconscious animal? Why?

Answer 14

A cuffed endotracheal tube should be inserted before passing the stomach tube. This will prevent aspiration of any material
regurgitated around the tube.

Question 15

After the completion of the intubation procedure, what should be done as the
tube is being removed from the esophagus? Why?

Answer 15

Kinking or sealing the end of the tube before removal to prevent leakage of any material remaining in the tube into the pharynx as it is removed

Question 16

nasogastric intubation

Answer 16

placement of a tube that extends through an external naris, the nasal cavity,
pharynx, esophagus, and into the stomach; commonly used on adult cats

Question 17

What piece of equipment is commonly used as a nasogastric tube?

Answer 17

Infant feeding tube or 21-gauge butterfly catheter

Question 18

What drug should be applied into the nostril, prior to the procedure? Why?

Answer 18

Topical anesthetic-to make the procedure more comfortable

Question 19

What method of restraint is recommended when performing nasogastric intubation in a cat?

Answer 19

Sitting position or sternal recumbency

Question 20

How far should the nasogastric tube be advanced during placement?

Answer 20

20-25 cm

Question 21

What should be done to determine proper placement of the nasogastric tube?

Answer 21

Instilling 1ml of sterile saline into tube

Question 22

What is gastric lavage and when is it performed?

Answer 22

The flushing and evacuation of stomach contents; ingestion of poisonous substances, overdose of medication, gastric dilation

Question 23

What are the possible complications when performing gastric lavage?

Answer 23

• Trauma to the pharynx or larynx
• esophageal or stomach damage or perforation
• electrolyte abnormalities
• hypothermia
• aspiration of gastric contents into
  respiratory tract
• instillation of fluid into respiratory tract

Question 24

The animal is unconscious and needs gastric lavage immediately. What
important procedure needs to be performed prior to orogastric intubation?

Answer 24

Insert endotracheal tube and inflate cuff

Question 25

What substance is used to perform gastric lavage once an orogastric tube is in place?

Answer 25

Warmed (body temperature) water or saline