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VTT 110 > 13-14 study questions > Flashcards

13-14 study questions Flashcards

1
Q

What important information needs to be collected first from a client who calls with and emergency?

A

Name and phone number

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2
Q

The initial triage sorts patients into three groups what are those groups?

A
  • need immediate care
  • need to be taken to the treatment area for other reasons
  • can wait with owner
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3
Q

List two examples of life-threatening emergencies which need immediate treatment

A
  • respiratory distress
  • life-threatening bleeding
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4
Q

A brief targeted exam is performed during the primary survey of trauma patients. What do the ABC’s stand for?

A

A= Airway/Attitude
B= Breathing, Bleeding
C= Cardiovascular, circulation

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5
Q

Tachypnea

A

increased respiratory rate

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6
Q

Bradypnea

A

decreased respiratory rate

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7
Q

Inspiratory dyspnea

A

long, slow inspirations short exhalations

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8
Q

Expiratory dyspnea

A

increased abdominal effort on expiration

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9
Q

Labored breathing

A

prolonged and deep

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10
Q

Orthopnea

A

maintaining a specific posture to ease breathing; Neck extended, Elbows abducted, Crouching, Distress or aggression

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11
Q

Give two examples of abnormal MM colors and what that color might indicate

A

a. Blue, purple or dusky-needs supplemental O2 Immediately
b. Brick red, brown or injected (mottled pink, purple or red) could indicate
dangerous conditions i.e. sepsis

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12
Q

Decreased or dull lung sounds

A

diaphragmatic hernia, severe pulmonary contusions, pneumothorax

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13
Q

Increased or harsh sounds or crackles

A

pulmonary edema, or contusions

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14
Q

Borborygmi

A

diaphragmatic hernia, but can also be referred from the abdomen

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15
Q

When performing the cardiovascular examination what would decreased mentation indicate?

A

Can indicate shock

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16
Q

Tachycardia

A

compensation for shock, pain, anxiety, or combination

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17
Q

Bradycardia

A

life-threatening arrhythmia, or if urethral obstruction extremely
elevated potassium

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18
Q

If an animal has experienced a Traumatic brain injury the patient’s mentation must be evaluated. List the three stages of abnormal mentation

A

a. Dull/obtunded
b. Stuporous
c. Comatose

19
Q

List the three classic postures for neurologic injury

A

a. Decerebrate posture-extreme rigidity of all four legs
b. Decerebellate posture-rigid forelimbs and flexed hindlimbs (normal mentation)
c. Schiff-Scherington-Can mimic the previous two. When animal is on its side the forelimbs are rigid and the hindlimbs are flaccid. Normal mentation and often can ambulate with assistance

20
Q

During the quick abdominal palpation what are three symptoms are you observing for?

A

a. Pain
b. Tympany (gas filled)
c. A fluid wave

21
Q

What are the symptoms/signs of abdominal pain?

A
  • Arched back (shown)
  • “Praying” posture
22
Q

List common causes of dehydration

A

Vomiting, diarrhea, excessive panting, or polyuria

23
Q

What are the clinical signs of dehydration?

A

Tacky or dry mucous membranes
Lack of skin turgor, poor Mental status, acute drop in Body weight

24
Q

Hypovolemia

A

loss of blood volume

25
Q

List the symptoms of hypovolemic shock

A

Tachycardia, Weak pulses, Hypotension
Prolonged CRT

26
Q

What should an emergency care station in a veterinary practice consist of?

A

a. Easily accessible
b. Clean and well-stocked
c. Equipment organized and labeled
d. Oxygen source
e. Suction apparatus
f. Crash cart
g. Functional clippers

27
Q

What should be stored in a crash cart?

A

a. Emergency medications
b. Needles
c. Syringes
d. Laryngoscope
e. Endotracheal tubes
f. Ambu bag
g. Instrument packs
h. Red rubber catheters
i. Large bore intravenous catheter

28
Q

Shock

A

Altered blood flow or impaired delivery of oxygen to tissues

29
Q

five types of shock

A

a. Hypovolemic
b. Distributive
c. Obstructive
d. Cardiogenic
e. Septic

30
Q

three possible complications of shock

A
  • Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
  • Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)
31
Q

cardiopulmonary arrest

A

Cessation of spontaneous respirations and lack of a
perfusing heart rhythm

32
Q

What are three common causes of cardiac arrest?

A

a. occurs as the terminal event in chronic disease
b. Complication of any critical illness
c. Potential complication in healthy patients undergoing anesthesia

33
Q

What do the CAB’s of life support stand for?

A

C=Compressions
A=Airway
B=Breathing

34
Q

What is the first step if you must begin basic life support?

A

call for help

35
Q

When would the doctor begin advanced life support techniques?

A

If the patient is still in cardiac arrest after 2-3 minutes

36
Q

several ways to supply oxygen to a patient in respiratory distress

A

nasal prongs, flow-by, face mask, oxygen cage

37
Q

What are the immediate goals for spinal or orthopedic injuries? (correct order)

A

a. Maintain perfusion
b. Fluids
c. Pain medications
d. Supportive bandaging
e. Wound care

38
Q

What does GDV stand for?

A

Gastric dilatation volvulus

39
Q

List all possible clinical signs of pain in pets

A

a. Vocalization
b. Depression
c. Anorexia
d. Tachypnea
e. Tachycardia
f. Abnormal blood pressure
g. Pale mucous membranes
h. Aggression
i. Abnormal postures
j. Hypersalivation
k. Dilated pupils

40
Q

What are the possible effects of untreated pain?

A

Causes stress and triggers harmful physiological changes that prolong recovery

41
Q

What are the side effects of urethral obstruction?

A

Strain to urinate, Become Stuporous, Hypovolemic shock, Hyperkalemia

42
Q

If a client calls to report that their pet has ingested a toxic substance what important information must you remind them to bring with them?

A

label of what they ate

43
Q

When taking a history for a patient which has ingested a toxic substance what are the critical questions we should ask?

A

a. What did the animal ingest?
b. When did the animal ingest it?
c. Is the animal showing any clinical signs?
d. Was the ingestion witnessed or suspected?
e. Are there other animals or children who could also be exposed?

VTT 110 (12 decks)

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