study questions wk 6 Flashcards
What symptoms might be observed with diseases of the oral cavity?
Loss of appetite, difficulty chewing, halitosis, salivation, vomiting, stains
normal occlusion for a dog or cat
scissor bite
Which teeth in the dog’s mouth usually have the heaviest deposits of
tartar/calculus
Premolars and molars
mild gingivitis
Thin red line
common foreign object found at the base of a cat’s tongue
string
What should we check the hard palate for in very young (1-3days old) puppies and kittens?
Cleft palate
eyelids
inferior to eyebrow
conjunctiva
mucous membrane; lining of eyelids; normal is pink
sclera
outermost fibrous coat; white in color and provides a strong protective cover for the internal eye structures
cornea
transparent covering of eye
nictitating membrane
medial canthus of the eye (3rd eye)
iris
contractile membrane between lens and cornea; colored part of eye
pupil
opening in the center of eye
lens
focuses light onto the retina
While performing a PE on a 12-week old kitten, you observe that the animal’s 3rd eyelids are elevated. What might be the cause of this irregularity?
Fever, not feeling well
One abnormality of sclera that might be observed is
inflammation, icterus
You are reading the doctors notes for hospitalized dog named Zeke. The doctor indicates that Zeke has keratitis involving the right eye. What is wrong with Zeke?
Inflammation of the cornea
several abnormalities that you might encounter when examining the
corneas
Dull, cloudiness, irritation
Physiologically, what controls the size of the pupils?
Constriction or dilation of the iris
What is the normal shape of the pupils for the cat and dog?
cat: oval; dog: round
You shine a small flashlight into the animals’ right eye, how should the pupil react? How should the left pupil react? What is the name of this test?
The pupil should constrict; Should also
constrict; pupillary left reflex test (direct and indirect)
What structure of the eye would be affected if a cataract were detected?
lens
lenticular sclerosis
In older dogs and cats the lens starts to harden causing a silver color to the lens the dogs and cats can still see this does NOT cause blindness; changes in lens due to hardening
ectropian
effects lower eyelids; outward drooping of eyelids
entropian
effects both eyelids; rolling inward of eyes
“cherry eye”
nictitating membrane (third eyelid); prolapsed gland
epiphora
tear tracts overflowing; dark brown
serous
yellow orange
mucoid
thicker, stringy, cloudy
purulent
dark yellow puss
At what age do puppies and kittens eyes open for the first time?
12-14 days
What is the color of the iris when the eyes first open?
blue
The medical term for the earflap is?
pinna
cerumen
normal ear wax
Dr. Jim believes that Jasper, a 4 year-old cocker spaniel has otitis externa.
Medically, what is wrong with Jasper?
inflammation/infection of the external ear canal
What clinical symptoms might be evident in a dog with otitis externa?
Inflammation
erythema
warm to the touch
exudate
lesions
While examining a cat’s ears you find an exudate present. What have you
observed?
abnormal discharge
A pet owner had brought a dog in which may have an ear infection. Before performing your physical exam what symptoms might you observe that would indicate that it had otitis externa?
Shaking head, scratching at ears, tilting head to one side
When examining the integument, you are observing what part(s) of the body?
Skin, foot pads, and nails
hair coat
texture, alopecia, lumps, ectoparasites, flakiness
paws
inter-digital spaces, foot pads, nails
When examining the paws, you find a brown discoloration between the toes. What might this indicate?
pododermatitis
Foot pads
hyperkeratosis
You observe 3 “lumps” on the dog’s skin. How should you describe the lumps in your physical examination findings?
size and location
alopecia
hair loss
The skin in the areas of alopecia is very red and irritated. What is the term for skin that is red and inflamed?
erythema
difference between pustules and papules
pustule is a raised area containing pus, papule is raised but no pus
pruritis
itching
common ectoparasites that you might find on a dog
fleas
how you would check the “skin turgor” on a dog
grab skin gently lift and twist
What does skin turgor help evaluate?
State of hydration
Suzie, a 12-year-old poodle is brought into the clinic. She has been vomiting for the last 2 days. Dr. Goodfellow has asked you to obtain a history and perform a complete PE. When performing the PE, what observations should you make to assess Susie for dehydration?
-MM-moist or dry/tacky
-CRT
-Skin twist/turgor
-corneas glossy or dull
-eyes normal or sunken in
You observe that Susie’s skin turgor is greater than 3 seconds and the “skin
twist” disappears slowly. Her corneas appear dull and eyes sunken. The MM
are dry and tacky, and the CRT is 4 seconds. What % dehydration would these findings indicate?
10%
