study questions (wk 3-4) Flashcards
Why are grooming and bathing important aspects of medical care of hospitalized patients?
removing matts, as clean as possible, one less thing sick patients need to worry about, help reduce illness and spreading it
Describe the grooming tools that should be used when grooming short and long haired dogs and cats. What are the difference(s) in tools used?
short: combing/brushing, trimming nails, no bathing; long: brush often (longer and wider tooth combs to work through long hair)
What problems can result if an animal does not receive a pedicure on a routine basis?
nails can grow back into pads, improper foot placement
What are the two common types of nail trimmers that are used? Describe each type.
scissor (2 blades) and guillotine (1 blade)
Which type of nail trimmer is best used for cats?
scissor
What special challenge does a dog that has not had its nail trimmed for an extended period of time present to the person performing the pedicure?
altered gait, likely to be split or avulsed, become ingrown - harder to trim and fix
When you are trimming nails that are black, what will indicate that you are getting close to the “quick”?
if you see a white/lighter center of the nail
What structures are contained in the nail quick? Draw a picture of a nail and include these structures.
blood vessels and nerves
You are performing a pedicure and a nail is “quicked”, what have you done?
clipped those blood vessels and nerves
What is a hemostatic agent?
stops the blood flow; clots the blood
Name two products that act as hemostatic agents when nails are quicked
kwik stop; powder or liquid?
What is the three-step process (in order) recommended for treating “quicked nails”?
apply pressure, wipe blood, apply clotting agent
What are “dewclaws”? Where are they located?
extra claw located up carpal joint (wrist) for more traction and support
How would you describe the anal glands and their location?
two sacs located on either side of anus, open to the anal region by two ducts
What are the clinical signs that are commonly associated with “impacted anal sacs”?
-scooting
-excessive licking
-pain and tenderness on region
-hot and swelling
-blood or purulent discharge near anus
List and explain the “Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare”
- freedom from hunger and thirst
- freedom from discomfort
- freedom from pain, injury, and disease
- freedom to express normal behavior
- freedom from fear and distress
Describe the Veterinary Technician Practice Model
cyclical, structured discipline that ensures consistent excellent care to every patient and info about patients status is communicated
The first step in the nursing process is gathering data, list the five ways to gather patient data
- gather initial medical history
- review medical records for past historical info
- perform physical exam
- review lab results and diagnostic, surgical, and medical reports
- consult with vet regarding any questions about case not mentioned in medical records
The second step is to Identify and prioritize technician evaluations. Define technician evaluation
based on technicians independent critical thinking and analysis of gathered data; a clinical judgment regarding the physiologic psychological needs of patient
What is the third step? Give some examples.
develop nursing care plan; patient with hypoxia the desired outcome is adequate oxygenation and comfortable breathing - resolution of dyspnea and tachypnea
Step 4 is re-evaluate. Give an example of when and why you would need to re-evaluate
lab and imaging studies to fully assess the patients response to nursing interventions and to the treatment
What does SOAP stand for?
subjective
objective
assessment
plan
Is the number of geriatric patients encountered in the veterinary practice increasing or decreasing? Why?
increasing as more problems arise in older patients ?
Dogs with arthritis present special challenges for the technician. What are they? Why?
can’t move as much, more stiff, joints are inflamed ?
What considerations must be made when handling hearing impaired animals?
easier to startle, may respond by biting
How should sight impaired animals be handled? Why?
toys with sound or scents; calm them and not spook them by not knowing where things are
What does the word recumbent mean?
lying down
Why is rotating the recumbent patient important?
so they aren’t laying in one spot for too long and damaging circulation
Define decubital ulcer
from lying in urine
What is the best method to prevent decubital ulcers?
light application of protective compound, keep skin dry
List methods used to care for decubital ulcers
disposable beddings, keep skin dry, straw for cushioning and drainage, frequent turning - slings, frequent baths
What would the special husbandry needs be of the recumbent patient?
frequent turning, slings, baths
Define Oral medication administration
placement of solid or liquid material in oral cavity so specific quantities of material are swallowed
List two purposes for oral administration
1.to administer medications, water, and nutritional supplements
2.to administer certain radiographic contrast materials
List contraindications
1.dysphagia, regurgitation, and vomiting
2.acute pancreatitis
3.esophageal and gastrointestinal obstruction
4.esophageal surgery within past 2-7 days
5.gastric or intestinal surgery within the past 12-24 hrs
6.head and neck trauma
Define dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
Define acute pancreatitis
develops quickly; swollen over short period of time
List two possible complications (with oral medications)
- aspiration of medications into respiratory tract
- inaccurate dosing
What are the “5 rights” and why must they be part of all drug administration procedures?
- right patient
- right drug
- right dose
- right route
- right time
make sure nothing gets confused or messed up; don’t want to give the wrong patient the wrong medication
Why is it important to wash your hands before this procedure?
don’t carry/spread germs from cleaning cages to giving medication
Why should a capsule or tablet be lubricated?
helps it go down easier
What device is commonly used to administer capsules or tablets orally?
pilling device
What technique can be used to cause an animal to swallow after administering a tablet or capsule?
close animals mouth quickly while still having nose pointed towards ceiling, and hold it while rubbing the laryngeal area
dogs HR; RR
60-160; 18-34
cats HR; RR
160-220; 16-40
