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MasterYachts_JP > Witherbys | ECDIS Safety Settings and UKC > Flashcards

Witherbys | ECDIS Safety Settings and UKC Flashcards

1
Q

What are these four IHO Standards:
1. S-52
2. S-57
3. S-63
4. S-100

A
  1. Chart content and display aspect of ECDIS
  2. Transfer standard for digital hydrograhic data
  3. IHO data protection scheme
  4. Universal hydrographic data
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2
Q

How is an Alarm and Indication defined and in what order of priority are they given? Caution, alarm and warning

A
  • An Alarm is audible and/or visual announcement of a condition requiring attention
  • An Indication is visual giving information about the condition of a system or equipment

In order of priority, the categories are: alarm, warning and caution

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3
Q

The ships policy on the temporary muting or deactivation of alerts (e.g. during berthing) should be detailed where?

A

The SMS and/or the Masters Navigation Standing Orders

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4
Q

What are the CATZOC (category of zone of confidence) values, and how many stars are displayed for each?

A
  1. A1 - 6
  2. A2 - 5
  3. B - 4
  4. C - 3
  5. D - 2
  6. U - U
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5
Q

What may the CATZOC ‘U’ mean and how would this be addressed onboard?

A
  • It may indicate the hydrographic office producing the ENC has not been able to complete the task, rather than suggesting it is of low accuracy.
  • Onboard, it may still be possible to use the ENC, but a documented risk assessment should be carried out - additonal UKC margin, additional clearance from navigational hazards.
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6
Q

What are the 3 ECDIS display categories?

A
  1. Display base
  2. Standard display
  3. All/Other
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7
Q

Different information may be required during planning that is not required when navigating - what can the master/navigating officer do?

A

The display can be reconfigured as needed.

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8
Q

What is Display Base?

A

This is the minimum set of information from the IMO Performance Standards that must always be displayed, and cannot be removed from the screen.

This display does not provide sufficient information to execute navigation on its own.

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9
Q

What is Standard Display?

A

This is the default ECDIS display containing objects generally deemed as important to the ECDIS operator.

This represents the minimum level of detail for route planning and monitoring.

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10
Q

What doesn’t the Standard Display include?

A
  • Spot depth soundings
  • Isolated dangers

These are required for safe navigation and accurate passage planning.

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11
Q

What is All/Other display?

A

Contains all other objects in the ENC that are not classed as part of the Standard Display.

The ‘All’ category can be quickly displayed by the ECDIS operator if necessary.

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12
Q

What is Custom Display?

A

The ECDIS operator can select or deselect items from the Standard or All/Other display categories.

In practise, the preferred method is to select ‘All/Other’ and then customise by removing unnecessary items - this ensures no display options are missed out by mistake.

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13
Q

At what stage are the display features determined on an ECDIS?

A

This should occur at the planning stage, and reviewed at each phase of a passage (coastal, pilotage, ocean passage)

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14
Q

The ECDIS operator should appraise and customise the display according to?

A
  • Master standing orders
  • Company SMS
  • The requirements and phase of the passage plan
  • Anchorages (cables, nature of seabed etc)
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15
Q

Define Safety Contour and how this is visualised?

A
  • Safety contour distinguishers between safe (navigable) water and un-safe (un-navigable) water.
  • It normally is visulaised over other contours as a thick black line in day mode.
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16
Q

What is the calculation for the Safety Contour input?

A

Draught + UKC - HoT = Safety Contour

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17
Q

How can UKC be defined?

A
  • Minimum UKC as specified in company SMS
  • Safety margin for the expected manoeuvring and squat
  • Safety margin for inaccuracies in charted depth (CATZOC values evaluated)
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18
Q

If a selected Safety contour is not available, what will the ECDIS default to?

A

The ECDIS will automatically select the next deepest contour available on each ENC.

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19
Q

Define Safety Depth and how this is visualised on the display.

A
  • Safety depth marks spot soundings and isolated dangers with a depth that has been selected by the operator, as insufficient for a ship to safely pass over.
  • Soundings and isolated dangers equal or shallower are displayed in bold type.
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20
Q

Safety depth value is calculated during planning phase and is normally same value as what?

A

The Safety Contour input value.

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21
Q

Bold soundings indicating soundings equal to, or less than safety depth do not trigger what?

A

Alerts

22
Q

What must the ECDIS operator do to trigger alerts for depth soundings equal to or less than safety depth?

A

The operator should use mariner-added objects with danger attribute to trigger an alert.

23
Q

Define Shallow Contour.

A

Shallow contour - equals static draught or half Safety Contour depth - is a visual indicator of the grounding line within the navigable/non-navigable water.

24
Q

The Shallow Contour can be used to highlight what when adjacent to the Safety Contour?

A

The gradient of the seabed.

25
Q

Define Deep Contour.

A

Typically set at 2 x draught - can provide a visual indication of where squat may be experienced.

26
Q

How many options are available on ECDIS for colour shades?

A

Two - 2 colour and four colour

27
Q

What two contours are displayed when selecting ‘two colour’ shades?

A
  1. Safety contour
  2. All deeper contours
28
Q

What four contours are displayed when selecting four colour shades?

A
  1. Shallow water contour
  2. Safety contour
  3. Deep water contour
  4. All deeper contours
29
Q

When can it be beneficial to use two colour shades?

A

During the hours of darkness as the difference between adjacent areas can be more clearly seen.

30
Q

What is an isolated danger and how is it displayed?

A

Isolated dangers are deemed as hazardous objects and are permanently displayed in safe water, as defined by the safety contour.

31
Q

Are Isolated dangers displayed based on Safety contour input value or Safety depth input value?

A

Safety contour input value.

32
Q

How are isolated dangers displayed when shallower than the Safety Contour input value, or of an unknown depth within safe/navigable water?

A

They are highlighted as the magenta-filled circles with an X - this function cannot be switched off.

33
Q

Can Isolated dangers in shallow waters be switched off by the ECDIS operator?

A

Yes, useful for when forced to navigate in waters shallower than Safety contour.

34
Q

What are alternative names for ‘Detection Area’?(6)

A
  • Safety frame
  • Guard zone
  • Safety cone
  • Lookahead window
  • Anti-grounding cone
  • Danger detection
35
Q

What is a Detection Area used for? Provide examples of alerts also

A

If a hazard is detected, the ECDIS must provide an alert by means of either an audible alarm and/or visual indication.

  • Safety contour
  • Dangers shallower than the Safety contour input value.
  • AtoNs
36
Q

When shall the parametres of the Detection area be planned and reviewed?

A

During planning phase, and when going from Ocean to Coastal, as an example.

37
Q

What are some considerations when configuring the size of the Detection area?

A
  • Size
  • CATZOC quality
  • Proximity to navigational hazards
  • If danger highlights are turned off
  • When in congested, confined waters to reduce clutter
38
Q

What is Route Check?

A

Route check will identify charted dangers, unsafe depths and potential hazards within a user specified distance of the planned route - often referred to as the XTD, or Safety Corridor.

39
Q

What display setting is recommended for Route Check?

A

Option All/Other display category.

40
Q

After the intial Route Check, it may be decided that some detected dangers can be accepted, these should be noted in the passage plan. When editing is complete, the modified passage plan will need to be Route Checked again, at what scale?

A

Compilation 1:1 scale.

Compilation - The optimum display scale of ENC data.

40
Q

If it is necessary to cross the Safety contour at any time during the passage, what should occur?

A
  • It should be thoroughly risk assessed
  • Discussed with the Master
  • Discussed during Bridge Team Meeting prior to departure.
41
Q

If required to cross the Safety contour, what should be made use of?

A

No-Go Areas, mariner-added objects with a danger alert attribute.

42
Q
  1. Define UKC
  2. Define Static UKC
  3. Define Dynamic UKC
A
  1. The distance from the bottom of the hull and the seabed
  2. Depth of water minus ships draught - this value is not influenced by any other factors.
  3. Subject to change at each leg of a voyage, considering factors such as; speed, HoT, draught, trim.
43
Q

The Dynamic UKC is used to define which contour?

A

The Safety Contour - No-Go line.

44
Q

SOLAS V Reg 34 states: ‘the voyage plan shall identify a route which ensures sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the ship throughout the voyage’ - there are two components to ‘sea room’, what are they?

A
  1. Horizontal component
  2. Vertical component
45
Q

Minimum UKC requirements may be given as a percentage, or…

A

a value, such as ‘not less than 1.25m’

46
Q

What factors go into considering UKC values?

A
  • Ships particulars
  • Environmental factors
  • Navigation factors
47
Q

Where would you likely find the ‘Minimum UKC Policy’?

A

In the company’s SMS.

48
Q

What is the formula for providing ‘HoT Required’ when passing over an area with a particular UKC requirement?

A

HoT Required =
* required UKC + draught - chartered depth

49
Q

Once minimum static UKC has been calculated for each leg, the navigator should ensure that UKC complies with what other components?

A
  • Minimum UKC requirements set by the company
  • Minimum UKC requirements set by local authorities
  • The Masters own requirements for minimum UKC
50
Q

Ships with more than one transducer, which is to be used when on coastal passages?

A

The forward one.

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