Wildlife Zoonoses 2 Flashcards
1
Q
How can envinromental change affect zoonotic transfer?
A
- v habitat forces increased contact between wildlife and humans
2
Q
Human factors affecting zoonotic emergence
A
- deforestation
- urban sprawl?
- pollution
- global traffic
- deforestation
- climate change
- bush meat/wet markets
- illegal smuggled meat
- exotic pets
- ecotourism
- grazing animals in wild/conervation areas
3
Q
Is bushmeat behind the ebola outbreak?
A
NO!
- infrastructure and how the cases were dealt with
- washing spreads
4
Q
Live animal markets
A
- lots of contact between animals etc.
5
Q
Where was SARS detected?
A
-palm civets in fresh meat market
6
Q
Overall causes of increasing human and wildlife conflict?
A
- humans have provided the opportunity for interspecies contact that owuldh ave otherwise not happened
- esp air travel
- bush meat smuggling
7
Q
Which animals are at risk from ebola?
A
- Gorilla
8
Q
Why does devil facial tumour disease occur?
A
- NO PATHOGEN
- went through bottleneck hundreds foyers ago -> MHC MSSIVE SIMILARITY
- if bitten by another tasmanian devil with the tumour introducing tumours it is NOT RECOGNISED AS FOREIGN and so will cause a tumour in that animal too
- like canine transmissible venereal tumour??
9
Q
Where did amphibian chytridiomycosis originate?
A
Frogs used as pregnancy testing kits - injected with urine
10
Q
challenges studying wildlife
A
- wild animals good at hiding and avoiding capture
- rare or unknown population sizes
- nocturnal
- risk of biting/stinging
- access to sites
- methods of sampling not validated
- finding scarce
- expertise scarcer
11
Q
Challenges with disease management for TB and ebola CAL
A
> TB - evidence - politics - law > Ebola - culture - health care infrastructure - shortage of health care trained workers - high population density - suspicious of western medicine - Bats
