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2 AM - Exotics > Wildlife > Flashcards

Wildlife Flashcards

1
Q

Criteria of Euthanasia

A

Some believe all animal presented have ‘failed the fitness test’ = PTS Some believe all life is sacred + no animal should be PTS

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2
Q

What is the middle ground of euthanasia?

A

Save the savable, Early traige, Reasses constantly, Release releasable

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3
Q

Why does the performance of the animal depend on its release?

A

Kestrels = perfect vision, shoulder + carpal + leg + foot function, Ducks = Can cope with limb + wing injury or impaired visiion to a degree

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4
Q

Why would you treat wildlife in practice?

A

Welfare, Sentinels for disease in population, Personal satisfaction, Good PR, Training for nurses + vets

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5
Q

What assessment do you do when a wildlife case comes in?

A

Full history (where possible), Knowledge of natural history (migration, breeding, territory), Full clinical exam, Diagnosis

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6
Q

What diagnosis techniques can you use?

A

Examination, Radiography, Blood tests, Response to treatment

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7
Q

What are the traige options?

A

Euthanasia, Release, Rehbilitation

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8
Q

Why would you euthanise?

A

Animals that are not likely to be releasalbe, Exceptions: Breeding animals (red squirrels) & Display or Eduction (bats)

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9
Q

Why is immediate realse rarely on option?

A

Trapped + Uninjured adult animals with no likelihood of occult injury only, Not approrpate for animals that are: dependant, poor condition, obvious disease + injury

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10
Q

List occult injuries

A

Electrocution (swans), Trapping, snares or other ligatures, Ballitic injuries (pellets etc), Delayed shock etc

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11
Q

When would you retunr orphans?

A

As soon possible

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12
Q

You’ve deemed the animal treatable + releaslbe, what next?

A

Find suitable accommodation + food, Then treat + assess response to treatment

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13
Q

Health + Safety risks regarding wildlife

A

Direct injury from animals (bites, footing injuries, antlers, kicks), Disease risk (zoonoses + risk to domestics)

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14
Q

What disease might you come into contact with when treating wildlife?

A

Rabies, Leptospirosis, Brucellosis

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15
Q

Common zoonoses from wildlife

A

Ringworm, Cambylobacter, Mycoplasm, Chlamydophiliosis, Lyme disease, Sarcoptic mange, Rabies, Tuberculosis, Seal pox, Brucella maris

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16
Q

Human preventative health

A

Rabies vaccines (those working with bats), BCG vaccination (badgers + deers), PPE, SOPs + Training

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17
Q

What legislations apply to wildlife?

A

Wildlife & Countryside Act (1981), Protectin of Badhgers Act (1992), Deer Act (1991 amended 2007), The conservation (Natural Habitats) Regulations (1994))

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18
Q

What doe the Wildlife & Countrside Act (1981) do?

A

Protect species from being taken, killed, kept, disturbed, habitats interfered with or destroyed

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19
Q

Legal Consideration

A

Vet care of wildlife generally excempt from ‘taking & keeping’ portion of law, Finde becomes owner so cosent, Wildlife under Veterianry Surgeon act (VSA)

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20
Q

Who controls treatment od Wildlife?

A

VAS medicine act, Animal welfare act

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21
Q

What licenes do you need prior to release?

A

Natural England

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22
Q

What animal are under release exemptions?

A

Grey squirrel, Canada geese, Muntjac deer

23
Q

What about an animal that has been accidentally caught?

A

Can just be released straight away as this not considered an intentional release as the animal is not out of the wild

24
Q

If you run a resuce centre, how long can you keep a listed invasve alien animal for, without a licence?

A

> 6 weeks

25
Q

What penalties are given for breaking any laws regarding wildlife?

A

Warning, Served notice, Fined, Prison, Lose permit liscence + not allowed to renew for >5 years

26
Q

What is the BVA + RSPCA memorandum of agreement?

A

Emergency care or euthanasia of small animals + wild birds brough to practices during normal surgery hours will be provided free of charge, RSPCA contribute to out of hours coat + large deer, Not legally binding agreement

27
Q

What type of bird is often brought in?

A

Passeriformes - perching birds

28
Q

Why might passeriformes be brought into practice?

A

RTA, Window collision, CBC (Caught by cat), Orphans

29
Q

What are passeriformes prone to following puncture wounds?

A

Septicaemia

30
Q

List UK wildlife organisations

A

Wildlife trust, Badger trust, Bat conservation trust, Biritsh hedgehod preservation society, British trust for ornithology, British wildlife rehabilitation council

31
Q

What are the rehabilitation places you could take an animal?

A

RSPCA wildlife centres, Other specialist centres, Local rehabilitators, Veterianry staff with facilities at home

32
Q

What are suitable release sites?

A

Ideally all adults go back to exactly where found, Juveniles need new sites, Safe, Population density suitalbe, Risk of disease transmission, Landowner consent

33
Q

What reasons would a fox be admissioned?

A

RTA, Orphans, Snares, Old age, Shot

34
Q

Reasons why deers would be admissioned?

A

RTA, Orphans, Dog attacks, Caught in railings

35
Q

Red vs Grey Squirrel

A

Red - rare, protected Grey - Common, law actively encourages destruction + forbids release

36
Q

Reasons for hedghod admissions

A

Predation, Orphaned, RTA, Poisoning

37
Q

What GA agent is most common used for birds?

A

Isoflurane or Sevoflurane via mask

38
Q

What birds fall under the columbiforme bracket?

A

Pigeon + Doves

39
Q

Reasons for columbiformed admission

A

RTA, Window collision, CBC (Caught by cat)

40
Q

What waterfowl are commonly seen?

A

Swans, Ducks + Geese

41
Q

What do you need to keep in mind when handling Passeriformed?

A

Calmed by darkening room, ~Stressed to death, Presnce of predators (humans, domestic animals + BoP)

42
Q

Duck facts

A

Mallards, Few are true wild, Many hybrids + semi-tame, Some migratory

43
Q

Common swans§

A

Mute swans

44
Q

How are waterfowl difficult to handle?

A

~Aggressive, Geese can bite, ~Scratch

45
Q

How to handle waterfowl?

A

Restrain wings, head + neck, Point feet + tail away from you

46
Q

What can you use for long term restrain of waterfowl?

A

Swan bag

47
Q

Why would raptors be admitted?

A

Ballisitic injury, Impact trauma, Candidiasis, Ocular damage

48
Q

Why would owls be admitted?

A

Fractures (wings + little owl legs), Ballistic injury (less common), Trichomoniasis, Eyes

49
Q

Common reasons for hedgehod admission

A

Out during the day, Too small to hibernate, Rare - usually dead, Predation (uncommon), Entanglement, Lungworm, Skin disease, Misc trauma

50
Q

How to not get ringowrm from a hedgehod

A

Tends to inoculate under skin from spines, Wear thick gloves, Wash hands in pevidine if spined, Scoop hog with newspaper,

51
Q

How do you get a hedgehog to open up?

A

Stroke dorsum backwards from head, Bounce gently, Hold gind legs, Wheelbarrow posture to examine, Shallow water, GA

52
Q

When would you always GA a hedgehog?

A

Stertorious breathing, Smell, Cannot walk, Don’t eat, Obviouse/suspected wounds, Summertime

53
Q

How are hedgehods with treatment?

A

Amenable, Difficult oral medication, Easily kept in captivity

54
Q

Why would you always radiograph a deer that can’t stand on its backlegs?

A

Common to find pelvic/spinal fractures

2 AM - Exotics (10 decks)

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