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2 AM - Exotics > Avian Husbandry - Hawks, Pigeons, Waterfowl etc > Flashcards

Avian Husbandry - Hawks, Pigeons, Waterfowl etc Flashcards

1
Q

List raptors

A

Falcons, Hawks, Buzzards, Eagles, Owls & Vultures

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2
Q

What is the purpose of a tail guard?

A

Protect tail feathers if hospitialised

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3
Q

Bod weight of a Harris Hawk

A

550-880g (m), 825-1200g (f)

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4
Q

When do Harris Hawks reach sexual matuirty

A

2-3 years

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5
Q

Maximum lifespan of a Harris Hawk

A

20 years

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6
Q

Harris Hawk as a Falconry Bird

A

Good for beginners, Very intelligent (easy socilaise & train), Common behaioural problems - Feahter plucking & aggression

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7
Q

Tiercel

A

Male falon

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8
Q

Mews

A

Housing

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9
Q

Aylmeri

A

Anklet, loop of leather round tarsometatarsus with brass eyelet for jess

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10
Q

Jesses

A

Leather strap passed through alymetri to restrain bird on glove

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11
Q

Mutes

A

Droppings

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12
Q

Bate

A

To fly off the glove in panic when tethered

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13
Q

To cast

A

Restrain bird round shoulders/Regurgitate indigestible fur/feathers

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14
Q

Handling Raptors

A

Restrain feet first (except vultures),
Falcontry birds restrained on glove,
Equipment individually fitted,
Hoods for falcons,
Wildlife cast in towel,
Owls & ealges & vultures may try to bite, vultures often regurgitate, 2 handlers needed for large raptors

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15
Q

Sexing raptors

A

Many raptors monomorphic but females are usually larger than males, DNA sexing or Endoscopy

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16
Q

Identifiction for Ratpros

A

Closed ring, Micrchipped left pectoral region, Independent bird register for ratpros, Indigenous captive-bred raptros but be rung and regisered to DEFRA (Article 10 licence under CITES)

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17
Q

Diet & Nutrtion of Raptors

A

Whole prey best, Casting should occur within 12 hours of feeding, Water provided for drinking & bathing

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18
Q

Common diet related diseases in raptors

A

Metabolic bone disease, Wild-caught food risk, Avian TB, Lead ingestion, Fatty liver-kindet syndrom

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19
Q

Housing Raptors

A

Free-lofting is best in brick or wooden aviary with 3 solid sides and wire mesh front, Falconry birds may be tether to purte during flying season & moved to shelter at night, During closed season left undisturbe to molt or breed in aviary, Swviel feeders & Shallow water tray for bathing

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20
Q

When is flying season for raptors?

A

August - Feburary

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21
Q

What perches can be used?

A

Falcons - Block perches, Hawks - Bow perches covered with astroturf

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22
Q

Why would you use Skylight seclusion in an aviary & how would you accomplish this?

A

For nervous birds & breeding pairs/ 4 Solid sides

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23
Q

What substrate is suitable for an avirary?

A

Gravel, sand, soil (risk of endoparasites)

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24
Q

Purpose for keeping pigeons

A

Racing, showing, Zoos & Meat in the US

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25
Q

What is it meant by pigeons pairs are monogamous?

A

They mate for life

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26
Q

What is pigeon fencing lung also known as?

A

Allergic alveolitis

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27
Q

Body weight of a pigeon

A

0.24-2Kg

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28
Q

When do pigeons reach sexual matuiry?

A

4 months

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29
Q

Lifespan of pigeons

A

15-20 years

30
Q

Heart rate of pigeons

A

160-300bpm

31
Q

Respiratory rate of pigeons

32
Q

Flying speed of a pigeon

A

> 100 km/hr

33
Q

Pigeon handling

A

Support body & Wings under-control, Do not restric sternal movements, Horizontal hold, Racing pigeon hold = rest hand between feet held between 1st & 2nd finger and wings kept under control with the thmb and 1st finger

34
Q

Sexing pigeons

A

Monomorphic but males slightly larger, Fanciers distiguish different behaviours (fanning taily & strutting), DNA sexing or Endocsopy

35
Q

ID of pigeon

A

Ring placed before 5 days old, Racing pigeon also have a passport

36
Q

Pigeon diet

A

Mixed cereals & pulses/pellets with Vit & Min supplements,
Some grit should be provided,
Different deits for breeding, rearing, racing, moulting and winter rest

37
Q

What do wild pigeons often eat?

A

Fruit, vegitation and small invertberates + grains and seeds

38
Q

Pigeon housing

A

Racing - kept in lofts, seperates lofts for young, breeding & racing,
good ventiltation,
dry,
absorbent dust free substrate,
separate perching for each bird,
large outdoor flights with covered shelters and nest boxses for breeding

39
Q

What is meant be Passerines?

A

Perhcing or Song birds (Canaries, Finches, Exotic softbills (Mynahs)

40
Q

Hardbills vs Softbills in Passerines

A

Hardbills - seeds,
Softbills - Fruit & Insects

41
Q

Body weight of passerines

A

Canary: 12-30g; Finches: 10-16g

42
Q

Max lifespan of passerines

A

Canary: 20-25 (5-15); Finches: 15(5)

43
Q

Handling Passerines

A

Stressed easily, Dimming lights, Ringer grip, Hold in cloth

44
Q

Sexing passerines

A

Finches Dimorphic - Males more colourful
Canaries Monomorphic - Males sing, Females Chirp & Whistle, DNA Sexing, Males often perform courtship displays

45
Q

ID on Passerines

A

Closed ring fitted at 6-8 days, Split rings whenever

46
Q

Passerines Diet

A

Granivores (Seed only inadequate lead to poor feathers, soft shelled eggs, egg binding & obesity) often need Vit & Min supplementation.
Grit not essential, some required green, live food (gut-loaded) or egg specific food during breeding season (increase protein).
Softbills often fed live food, fruit and/or pellets - prone to iron-storage disease

47
Q

Passerine Housing

A

Mixed aviaries, pairs of diff species can be kept together, outdoor aviaries - protected from elements, covered roof, place feeders and water containers in night-room to encourage indoor nesting) Fanceires keep pairs small boxes during breeding season

48
Q

Why are some ducks domesticated?

A

For meat & eggs

49
Q

Are ducks monogamous?

50
Q

Important points of waterfowl

A

Geese like to live in flocks, Precocial chicks - Nidifugous, Should have access to water, Some completel annual moult after breeding season

51
Q

Ornamental waterfowl are often pinioned, what does this mean?

A

Occurs on birds up to 10 days of age & carried out consciout, permited mutilation (vets only), after 10 days required anaesthetic, Cut occurs between the carpus and metacarpus

52
Q

Body weight of ducks

53
Q

Body weight of geese

54
Q

Body weight of swans

55
Q

Sexual maturity of ducks

56
Q

Sexual maturity of geese

57
Q

Sexual maturity of swans

58
Q

Lifespan of ducks

A

10-20years old

59
Q

Lifespan of geese

60
Q

Lifespan of swans

61
Q

Incubation period of ducks

A

23-33 days

62
Q

Incubation period of geese

A

22-32 days

63
Q

Incubation period of swans

A

30-40 days

64
Q

Clutch size of mallards

65
Q

Clutch size of Mute swans

66
Q

Heart rate of water fowl

A

80-250 pbm (swans

67
Q

Handling waterofwl

A

~Aggressie, Large swans & Geese - Graps neck below head and place other arm around body to restrain wings, Swan bags useful, Flamings- Care to prevent leg damage, Keep one finger between hocks to prevent abrasions

68
Q

Sexing waterfowl

A

Often dimorphic, Male has erectile phallus (seen if cloaca everted), DNA sexing & Endoscopy

69
Q

ID waterfowl

A

Rings on Tarsometarsus, Micrchip in left pectoral region

70
Q

Waterfowl Diet & Nutrtion

A

Proprietary diet best - float pellets useful, Unspplemented grains (wheat, maize nutrinally inadequate), Grit important esp if grains are fed, Provide water with dry feed to prevent impaction, Supplemental greens can be given to ducks and geese - Should allow geese to graze

71
Q

Housing waterfowl

A

Best kept outdoors, Ducks & Swans require pool, Perching ducks require perches, Floor - Prone to pododermatitis (bumblefoot) if kept on rough surfaces, Tropical species may require winter housing, Predator proof

2 AM - Exotics (10 decks)

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