why was Richard III defeated? Flashcards
when were the princes locked in the tower of London
16th June
how did the princes contribute to Richards downfall
showed testimony to Richards character
richards subjects were willing to believe he killed or ordered their deaths
what did the princes in the tower do to the stability of the Richards reign
1483 there was a plot to free the princes from the tower of London whilst Richard was out of London by Edward IV household men e.g. Sir Thomas Boucher
who was Henry Tudor
only Lancastrian left with a claim to the throne
he was taken to Brittany by jasper Tudor in 1471
how did Henry Richmond become a potential candidate for kingdom
after the disappearance of the princes he became a candidate to be king
Margaret Beaufort and John Morton Bishop of Ely made contact with Elizabeth Woodville and they plotted to marry Henry to Elizabeth of York - eldest daughter of Elizabeth Woodville so supported by Edwards household
what was evidence of Richards impulsiveness
the arrest of rivers the execution of Hastings and the final charge at the battle of Bosworth
what evidence shows personal relations with the north
planned to build a chantry in York big enough for 100 priests which suggests he planned to be buried there
evidence of Richards character in dealing with Elizabeth woodville
worked hard to measure her to come out of sanctuary
christmas 1483 Elizabeth and daughters at court with Richard
when Richard had defeated Buckinghams rebellion
those who were left in government Richard was wary of
he used northerners to fill this gaps
97 gentry attended heirs disinherited
40 northern lords benefitted from loss
what initially were the men like from the north Richard recruited
originally had connections with the north e.g. Ralph Ashton from Lancashire who had married a woman in Kent
the newcomers were believed to be Richards spies they were resented
after the initial men Richard recruited what were the men like he recruited after
weren’t enough men with southern connections so had to import men from Yorkshire
e.g. Marmaduke Constable
what did the recruitment of northern lords lead to
1945 support from south gentry
which northern lords did Richard have rivalries with
Richard had dominated the north since 1470s - the Stanley family Lord Thomas and Sir William in Lancashire and Cheshire had closed with Richard since 1469 over his support of Stanleys rivals
once king Richard favoured his rivals over the Stanleys
Stanleys wide was henrys mother
- Margaret Beaufort
Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland had hoped to become the leading powerhouse in the north only to find Richard promoted earl of Lincoln - alienated Henry Percy
counterargument to Richards dependence on a narrow group
Richard did convince Elizabeth woodville and her daughters to come out of sanctuary and join royal court in Christmas 1483.
what small group of supporters did Richard rely on
1484 Catesby Ratcliffe and Lovely
Ratcliffe received a rich haul of lands in Devon
by rewarding his supporters Richard had no land to five returning rebels
when did Richards heir died and what did this lead to
march 1485 Anne neville Richards wife died
rumours circulated that he had poisoned here
even northerners distressed by rumours he had killed Anne so they threatened to rise up against him
Richard had to publicly declare he grieved Anne - shows no trust from the public
when did Richards only heir die and what did this lead to
died in 1484 = no heir for people to support
how did Brittany initial support for Henry change
duke of Brittany began negotiations with Richard to hand over Henry in return for English support against France
Henry fled from Brittany to france to avoid being handed over to Richard
what was the reception like in france for Henry
was welcomed as government was concerned Richard was launching an attack to become king of france
Richard had spent 1483-3 pursuing naval attacks on france and scotland they hopes it would distract Richard form launching an invasion
French supplied heart with a. fleet of ships to transport 4000 soldiers
what did French support for Henry cause
news of French support caused some people to defect from Richard in 1484 egg, English garrison of hammes castle near Clais
when did battke of Bosworth occur
1485
how many men did henrys force consist of and who were they
4000 men
all anti Richard alliance members of Edward IV household French and Scots, earl of Oxford and other former Lancastrians
their number grew as they marched from England to Wales with people who were involved in 1483 rebellion
Japser tudor was popular in Wales so gained lots of support
who had the larger army
Richard
what was Richards upper hand and how did this change
lord Stanleys son was held hostage
richards army looked close to winning until the turning point of Stanleys forced intervening and Richard was killed
when did plots start
in the first few weeks of Richards reign
plots to remove Edward IV daughter from sanctuary and rescue the princes by setting fires around London
who supported these initial plots
members of Edward IV household showed Richard couldn’t rely on their support
what happened in august of the rebellion
a larger rebellion as planned
these rebels looked to Henry Tudor
what happened by October 1483
Rebellion had spread across the south
this wa sunusal because of the state son the rebels leading gentry from Cornwall to Kent were involved
what motiatived supporters of Buckingham rebellion
motivated by hope of gaining political favour with a new monarch
new candidate for the throne
what was the outcome of Buckinghams rebellion
it failed
why did Buckingham rebellion fail
coordinating the rebellion across the south of England was difficult and Richard was well prepared - warned by his spies
some rebels didnt join in such as Lionel Woodville
when did Buckingham join the rebblion
very late most likely because he expected Richard to be overthrown
his support actually weakened the rebellion because it alienated his rivals Talbot and Stanley as they wanted his lands
what happened when Henry approached the coast during the rebellion
buckingham was already executed
Henry sailed back to Brittany with 400 rebels
what did the rebellion establish
Henry a a rival to the crown, Christmas 1483 he promised to marry Elizabeth woodville
the flight of the rebels to henrys side gave him core of power supporters who had authorities in their counties that could be called upon after a successful invasion
