Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Crime And Punishment c1000-1500 > Whitechapel 1870-1900 > Flashcards

Whitechapel 1870-1900 Flashcards

1
Q

Who was Henry Wainwright?

A

A successful salesman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What did Harriet do that trigger Wainwright and why did she do it?

A

She called on him at work, making embarrassing scenes because he could no longer keep Harriet fed and housed (due to his business failing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did Wainwright ask his brother to do and why?

A

Write love letters to Lane under the name of Edward Frieake so he could claim Lane had run away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the fatal flaw in his plan?

A

He used sodium chloride that preserves the body rather than dissolving it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did Wainwright decide to do when he discovered the body had been preserved a year later?

A

He chopped it into pieces and put them in sacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who was the worker who opened one of the sacks to find Lane’s head?

A

Arthur Stokes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What did Arthur do for help?

A

He followed the cab on foot and shouted for the help of a policeman.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When was Wainwright executed?

A

At the end of 1875

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was Sarah Fisher convicted of in 1873?

A

Convicted of unlawfully exposing her child, Lucy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When in 1873 did Fisher do this?

A

November

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why did Fisher have to do this and who noticed?

A

Her husband was unable to work due to injuries to his leg so she was out begging. Sidney Chidley noticed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What were a rookery?

A

An area filled with lodging houses in London’s poorest areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How much would one night’s doss cost?

A

4d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who drank at the Ten Bells Pub on the evening that she was killed?

A

Mary Kelly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How were pubs helpful for the poor?

A

It was a place where they could get warm and get a meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What did the 1871 Census say about Flower and Dean Street?

A

902 lodgers stayed in 31 dosshouses on Flower and Dean Street

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why couldn’t people stay for more than a few days at lodging houses?

A

The rent was too high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What were the conditions at Flower and Dean Street? (2)

A
  • Narrow street (16ft)
  • Outside toilets but spilled buckets and pots indoors
  • Haunt of thieves, drunkards and prostitutes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many people lived in each acre in Whitechapel in 1873?

A

188.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of people went to the Whitechapel Workhouse? (4)

A

Last resort, too old, too young and too unwell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why were people reluctant to go to the Workhouse?

A

They had strict rules that dictated what people ate, how they worked and what time they got up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How often were parents allowed to see their children in the Workhouse?

A

Once a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many inmates could the Casual Ward take?

A

400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How many people could stay in the Casual Ward for beds at once?

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What did inmates have to do to earn their bed?

A

Pick oakum, asked to work in the kitchen or to clean the Workhouse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why were they so strict with rules in the Workhouse?

A

They thought inmates would be tempered to stay at the expense of taxpayers, who funded the Workhouse Union

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What was the annual death rate after 1865 at the Peabody Estate?

A

50/1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Who bought the area for slum clearance in 1876?

A

The Metropolitan Board of Works

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why did no commercial developers want to buy it?

A

They would only be able to charge very low rent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In what year was it sold to the Peabody Trust?

A

1879

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

By 1881 how many flats had been built at the Peabody Estate?

A

287

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What were the conditions of the Peabody Estate? (3)

A
  • Ventilation
  • Made of brick and unplastered walls
  • Shared bathrooms and kitchens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What was the problem with the Peabody Estate?

A

Rents were still too high and tenants were kicked out if they could not keep up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What did people call the criminal underclass (born criminals)?

A

The residuum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What did addiction to alcohol cause, in terms of crime?

A

People were made victims of crime or they became responsible for committing crimes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Why was drink so significant in Whitechapel?

A

It was a coping mechanism for many

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Why did Whitechapel attract immigrants? (3)

A
  • Cheap places to sleep
  • Jobs
  • Already a Jewish and Irish community there who had settled
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What place did Irish workers dominate?

A

The docks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Why did Russian Jews come to Whitechapel?

A

They were persecuted following the assassination of Tsar Alexander II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Between 1881 and 1891 how many arrived in London?

A

30,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Why did Jewish immigrants find it harder to integrate? (2)

A
  • Cultural differences
  • Language barriers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Who did Jewish immigrants end up working for?

A

Other more established Jews in sweatshops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What did this segregation of the Jews mean?

A

They were a target for prejudice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Why were the Irish also targets of prejudice?

A

They were RCs and due to the rise in Fenian Irish Nationalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What did many Irish people want from Britain, in a time when the who,e of Ireland was ruled by Britain?

A

They wanted Home Rule and preferably independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What was anarchism?

A

A revolutionary political idea that people would be better off without a government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What type of protests in Ireland were increasing?

A

Armed protests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Who was the idea of anarchism developed by as well?

A

Russian revolutionaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What organisations did the Russians set up? (2)

A
  • Newspaper called Worker’s Friend
  • International Worker’s Education Club
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Which Russian anarchist Jew was blamed by people for murdering Annie Chapman?

A

Nikolay Vasiliev

51
Q

What were the police worried about with the Jews?

A

They were worried they couldn’t note their activities as they spoke in another language, Yiddish

52
Q

What did reformers want for Whitechapel? (2)

A
  • Widening the roads
  • Knocking down rookeries and lodging houses
53
Q

Who were the First Commissioners?

A

Sir Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne

54
Q

How many policemen were in the force by 1830?

A

3,300

55
Q

When was the fire at Millbank Prison, in which police responses were praised?

A

1835

56
Q

By 1852, how many men were in the force?

A

5,700

57
Q

How many cops were called to control the riot in Hyde Park?

A

3200

58
Q

Where did Fenians plant a bomb in 1867, with warnings ignored?

A

Clerkenwell

59
Q

Who was the new Commissioner in 1870?

A

Edmund Henderson

60
Q

What did Henderson introduce in 1870? (4)

A
  • Increased quality of recruits
  • Increased literacy rates in cops
  • Relaxed drills
  • Officers could have beards
61
Q

In what year was the Trial of the Detectives?

A

1877

62
Q

What did the Trial of the Detectives reveal?

A

Corruption in the Detective Branch

63
Q

In 1877, what was the Detective Branch reformed to?

A

The CID

64
Q

What year does Henderson resign and why?

A

1886 due to the damage of houses in a protest in Trafalgar Square

65
Q

Who replaces Henderson and when does he resign?

A

Charles Warren and he resigns in 1887

66
Q

Why does Warren resign?

A

He wrote an article that seemed to criticise Henry Matthews, the Home Secretary, when he actually wrote it against the government. Matthews demanded him to apologise and in anger, Warren resigned.

67
Q

Between what years did the Whitechapel murders occur?

A

1888 - 1889

68
Q

What 3 new identification systems were used after 1894?

A
  • Photographs
  • Mug shots
  • Physical measurements
69
Q

Give 3 requirements to apply for the Met, stated in which year?

A
  • Taller than 5’9”
  • Between 21 and 27
  • Be literate
70
Q

When did fingerprint identification become a thing?

A

1901

71
Q

What 3 things were granted to policemen for extra duties in 1902?

A
  • Medals
  • Time off
  • A bonus
72
Q

What added to the tensions that made Warren resign?

A

The fact that Matthews did not like him at all and would much rather have his deputy, Munro, as Commissioner

73
Q

In what month and year and in which magazine did Warren write the article?

A

Nov 1888, in Murray’s Magazine

74
Q

Who appointed new constables up until 1890 and who did after this?

A

Previously, Met HQ. After, Scotland Yard

75
Q

How many weeks of training were successful applicants given and how many weeks of beat duty?

A

2 weeks of training and one of beat duty

76
Q

What was the job of being a cop like? (2)

A

Temporary and poorly paid

77
Q

After 1860 what was granted with 30 years of service?

A

A pension

78
Q

In 1885, how many types of officers covered a population of how much in H Division? (4)

A
  • 441 constables
  • 44 sergeants
  • 19 inspectors
  • Pop of 176,000
79
Q

What was the H Division?

A

The area for Whitechapel

80
Q

In 1888, how many officers were there in the H Division?

A

575

81
Q

What was the main Police Station for H Division?

A

Lenman Police Station

82
Q

What was the main court for the whole of Whitechapel?

A

Thames Police Court

83
Q

How many crimes were there in total in 1887?

A

1705

84
Q

State 4 things about the constable uniform.

A
  • Woollen trousers
  • Deep blue black jacket
  • Truncheon
  • Handcuffs
85
Q

In 1863 what did the initial stovepipe hat change to and why?

A

Custodian for more protection

86
Q

What does a ‘beat’ involve?

A

Walking a route in an area, timed precisely to reach checkpoints

87
Q

How long is the daytime beat and how long is the night time one?

A

30 mins and 15 mins

88
Q

How long was each beat shift?

A

9hrs

89
Q

How often did constables switch routes for the beat to avoid corruption?

A

Every month

90
Q

State 2 disadvantages of the beat routine.

A
  • Criminals could easily study the route
  • Constables were expected to check doors and windows to ensure no one was inside
91
Q

Who led the CID in Scotland Yard?

A

Howard Vincent

92
Q

What 4 things did Vincent do?

A
  • centralised control
  • increased pay to attract
  • encouraged plain clothes
  • investigate suspicions
93
Q

How often would the chief inspector give reports on ongoing investigations?

A

Every day

94
Q

From what year was there a ‘Register of habitual criminals’?

A

1878

95
Q

Who supervised prisoners who had been released early on good behaviour?

A

Detectives

96
Q

After 1870, what was it illegal to do in pubs?

A

Serve someone who was already drunk

97
Q

What gangs ran protection rackets and what did they do?

A

Bessarabian gangs who threatened Jewish business owners for money, who were already scared of the police

98
Q

After 1885, keeping what was illegal?

A

Keeping a brothel

99
Q

When did the Superintendent of the H Division write to the Home Office about funds for lessons in Yiddish?

A

1904

100
Q

When did Monro resign?

A

Right before the Ripper Murders

101
Q

What happened on 16 Mar 1889?

A

Riot by IWA protesting against low wages and long hours

102
Q

Who was arrested in the protest and why?

A

Leaders of the March for the assault of cops

103
Q

What punishment were the protestors given?

A

3 months of hard labour and £40 bond for good behaviour

104
Q

In Autumn 1889, how many sweatshop tailors striked?

A

10,000

105
Q

Who, on what day, how and where was killed first?

A

31/08
Mary Nichols
Bucks Row
Throat and abdomen cut

106
Q

Who, on what day, how and where was killed second?

A

08/09
Annie Chapman
George’s Yard
Strangled, throat cut, intestines out

107
Q

Who, on what day, how and where were killed as a double murder?

A

30/09
Elizabeth Stride of Dutfield’s Yard, throat cut and interrupted
Catherine Eddowes of Mitre Square, badly mutilated

108
Q

Who, on what day, how and where was killed last?

A

09/11
Mary Kelly
Miller’s Court
Body completely out across room

109
Q

Who set up the Police Code and when?

A

Howard Vincent in 1889

110
Q

What was the plan of action stated in the Police Code? (2)

A
  • Keep onlookers away
  • Make clear note of scene for investigation
111
Q

Give one example where the Police Code could not have been followed

A

Mary Nichols’ murder where an ambulance had to be called first

112
Q

When were photographs taken and mainly for what purpose?

A

Before and after post-mortem for identification

113
Q

When were sketches starting to be used to record drawings of the murder?

A

In the mid 1890s

114
Q

What are coroner’s inquests?

A

They determined whether a death was natural or not

115
Q

What 3 things did the police do to investigate the Whitechapel murders?

A
  • Questioned more than 2000
  • Full scale search of lodging houses
  • Posters displayed
116
Q

What was the main identification technique but why was it unreliable?

A

Description from witnesses. It was unreliable because they would not always remember what they think they saw and they may be fake

117
Q

Whose ideas were taken up of using mugshots and facial measurements to reconstruct sketches?

A

Alphonse Bertillon

118
Q

What are identity parades and were they successful in investigation?

A

Making suspects line up so the witness can identify. They were unsuccessful.

119
Q

What trial did Warren order that was put down by the public?

A

The trial of the bloodhounds

120
Q

Why was there fierce competition between newspapers?

A

They all fought to sensationalise the Ripper murders

121
Q

Why were the murders sensationalised?

A

The police did not release much info so they tended to exaggerate what happened

122
Q

Who set up the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee?

A

George Lusk

123
Q

What 3 things did Lusk do to help?

A
  • Hired 2 PIs
  • Published posters offering small rewards
  • Petitioned for Matthews to offer an official reward, but refused as it can lead to unnecessary allegations

Crime And Punishment c1000-1500 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions