1500 - 1700

Question 1

How did population change?

Answer 1

There was a steady increase and hence, lower job opportunities

Question 2

What did landowners encourage?

Answer 2

Laws defending their rights

Question 3

When did the English Civil War occur?

Answer 3

1642-49

Question 4

When was printing invented and what did this mean?

Answer 4

1400s which meant more pamphlets to spread ideas

Question 5

Why was there great religious unrest?

Answer 5

Each person on the throne kept changing the religion of the country

Question 6

Was the majority of England rich or poor at this time?

Answer 6

Poor

Question 7

When did heresy become a crime?

Answer 7

1534

Question 8

How many were burnt at the stake in Mary’s reign?

Answer 8

300

Question 9

What was it called to take back your beliefs to escape punishment?

Answer 9

Recanting

Question 10

How many Protestants were forced to flee in Mary’s reign?

Answer 10

800

Question 11

Who came up with the original idea of the Gunpowder Plot?

Answer 11

Robert Catesby, Jack Wright, Thomas Percy and Thomas Winter

Question 12

What was the main aim of the Gunpowder Plot?

Answer 12

Overthrow the monarchy, kidnap Elizabeth, make her Queen and cause a Catholic uprising

Question 13

When did the Gunpowder Plot occur?

Answer 13

1605

Question 14

How did James I find out about it?

Answer 14

Lord Monteagle received a letter with leaked info and informed James’ advisor, Robert Cecil

Question 15

How did the Plot help the King?

Answer 15

It showed the risk that Catholics brought to the country and showed the King in a positive light.

Question 16

How many vagabonds were at the London Bridewell in 1560?

Answer 16

69

Question 17

How many vagabonds were there in London by 1600?

Answer 17

555

Question 18

How many cases of vagabondage were there in Salisbury before and how many are there by 1598?

Answer 18

20 then 98

Question 19

What happened to the population from 1500-1650?

Answer 19

It doubled

Question 20

What did bad harvests result in?

Answer 20

Increase in number of vagabonds

Question 21

What group of people were also forced to be vagabonds?

Answer 21

Demobilised soldiers

Question 22

What were enclosures and how did they help to increase the number of vagabonds?

Answer 22

Privatised land. This meant there was less common land for the poor to earn money.

Question 23

When was the Dissolution of the Monasteries and how did this affect vagabondage?

Answer 23

1536. This is where nuns and priest used to live and have food and money out to the poor.

Question 24

Who was ‘A Caveat for Common Cursuitors’ written by and when?

Answer 24

Thomas Harman in 1567

Question 25

How many different types of vagabonds did 'A Caveat for Common Cursuitors' describe?

Answer 25

23

Question 26

Who are sturdy beggars?

Answer 26

Those who choose to be vagabonds when they could find work instead

Question 27

Who was the 'Abraham Man'?

Answer 27

Fake lunatics who went around with a stick and bacon on the end of it

Question 28

Who was the 'Angler'?

Answer 28

Thieves with hooks to pinch clothing and valuables

Question 29

Who was the 'Clapperdudgeon'?

Answer 29

Used arsenic to make skin bleed so that people would feel bad for him

Question 30

Who was the 'Counterfeit Crank'?

Answer 30

Pretended to have seizures and sucked on soap for froth

Question 31

When was the Vagabond & Beggars Act formed and what did it say?

Answer 31

1495. Vagabonds were placed in the stocks for 3 days and sent to their place of birth.

Question 32

What 3 different versions, in what years, of the Vagrancy Act were there? In what years were they repealed?

Answer 32

1531 - Tied to a cart naked and were beaten 1547 - 2 years slavery for first offence, life sentence for second 1550 - 1547 Act repealed 1572 - whipping and ear burnt for first offence, life sentence for second 1593 - 1572 Act repealed 1598 - whipped and sent home. If no change, execution/banishment

Question 33

When was a House of Correction built for every county?

Answer 33

1576

Question 34

What Act was made in 1597 and what did it do?

Answer 34

The Act of the Relief of the Poor, which classified the impotent poor and sturdy beggars

Question 35

When were the Poor Laws introduced and what did it include?

Answer 35

1601. Parishes were expected to provide financial assistance

Question 36

What were parishes also responsible for?

Answer 36

Maintaining roads and raising taxes

Question 37

Why did food prices increase?

Answer 37

Fewer crops were formed and there were now more people to feed.

Question 38

Who were not paid enough for their huge workload?

Answer 38

JPs and constables

Question 39

What were the working hours in the House of Correction

Answer 39

5am - 8pm (15hrs)

Question 40

When did Matthew Hopkins start searching for witches?

Answer 40

1645

Question 41

Who did Matthew Hopkins work with?

Answer 41

John Stearne

Question 42

3 points about MH:

Answer 42

- Failed to be a lawyer - Devout Puritan - Jobless

Question 43

How many cases ended in execution between 1645 and 1647?

Answer 43

100 to 250

Question 44

Who was the exception to most women being accused of witchcraft normally?

Answer 44

The local vicar

Question 45

What 2 things showed someone was a witch?

Answer 45

- A Devil's mark - A familiar

Question 46

How were people forced into confessions?

Answer 46

They were made to stand up awake for days

Question 47

In what year did MH disappear from records?

Answer 47

1647

Question 48

Why were there accusations that people were witches? (2)

Answer 48

There was increased tension between the wealthy and the poor, as they had to give away more money. It was their way of explaining religious upheaval and uncertainty from the War.

Question 49

In what year did witchcraft become an offence?

Answer 49

1542

Question 50

Up to how many people were executed for witchcraft over the next 200 years?

Answer 50

1000

Question 51

What percentage of the accused were elderly widows or unmarried women?

Answer 51

80%

Question 52

Why did landlords create enclosures?

Answer 52

To graze more sheep for profits

Question 53

Which Act deemed poaching illegal?

Answer 53

1671 Game Act

Question 54

How did poaching become a social crime?

Answer 54

The poor thought it was unfair and hence did not report it.

Question 55

When were import duties introduced?

Answer 55

1600s

Question 56

Why was smuggling a social crime?

Answer 56

No one wanted to pay for import duties

Question 57

What years was Oliver Cromwell the leader of England?

Answer 57

1649 to 1660

Question 58

What religion did Oliver Cromwell follow?

Answer 58

He was a devout Puritan

Question 59

What moral crimes did he introduce? (3)

Answer 59

- Most sports were banned - Inns and theatres were shut down - Swearing was punished by fines and could result in prison

Question 60

What number did London's population increase to from 1500-1700?

Answer 60

50,000

Question 61

Who was the hue and cry led by and who helped to search?

Answer 61

The constable and the local posse helped.

Question 62

State 4 things about constables.

Answer 62

- Part-time job - No weapons/uniform - Dealt with every day crimes - Could inflict some punishments

Question 63

State 3 things about town watchmen and sergeants

Answer 63

- Poorly paid - Dealt with drunkards and vagabondage - Enforced market regulations

Question 64

Who were thief takers?

Answer 64

They apprehended thieves and returned stolen goods for large rewards

Question 65

Who were JPs usually and what type of court cases did they judge (assisted by constables)?

Answer 65

Rich landowners who judged manor court cases. The max sentence they could give was a death sentence.

Question 66

Whose responsibility is it to get an arrest warrant and deliver the criminal to the constable, if robbed?

Answer 66

The citizen's

Question 67

What crimes did manor courts deal with?

Answer 67

Minor crimes

Question 68

What were County Assizes?

Answer 68

Royal judges who visited twice a year for minor crimes

Question 69

Could benefit of the clergy still be claimed in Church courts?

Answer 69

Yes

Question 70

What were Quarter Sessions?

Answer 70

JPs met with each other 4 times a year

Question 71

When was the Bloody Code introduced and how many crimes were punishable by death at this time.

Answer 71

1688. 50 crimes were punishable by death.

Question 72

After what event did cases of heresy fall?

Answer 72

The Reformation