What Is Psychology?

Question 1

Empirical Evidence

Answer 1

Evidence gathered by careful observation, experimentation and measurement.

Question 2

Occam’s razor:

Answer 2

Once several explanations of a phenomenon have been gathered, a critical thinker chooses the one that accounts for the most evidence while making few assumptions.

Question 3

Law of Parsimony:

Answer 3

Simple explanations of a phenomenon are preferred to complex ones.

Question 4

Structuralism:

Answer 4

Analyzed sensations, images and feelings into basic elements.

Question 5

Wilhelm Wundt:

Answer 5

Established first psychology laboratory. And was the first to announce psychology was a science.

Question 6

Trained introspection:

Answer 6

To carefully observe, analyze and describe ones own sensations, mental images, and emotional reactions. Goal is to break down behavior into basic elements.

Question 7

Gestalt Psychology:

Answer 7

“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” founded by Max Wertheimer

Question 8

Biological perspective:

Answer 8

How bodily events affect behavior, feelings and thoughts

Question 9

Evolutionary psychology:

Answer 9

How genetically influenced behavior that was adaptive during our past may be reflected in present behaviors, mental processes and traits.

Question 10

Learning Perspective:

Answer 10

how the environment and experience affects a persons actions

Question 11

Cognitive Perspective:

Answer 11

Emphasizes what goes on in people’s heads, how they reason, remember, understand language, solves problems, explains experiences, acquires morals and beliefs

Question 12

Sociocultural Perspective:

Answer 12

Social and cultural forces outside the individual that shape behavior.

Question 13

Psychodynamic Perspective:

Answer 13

Deals with the unconscious dynamics with the individual such as instincts

Question 14

Humanistic Perspective:

Answer 14

A psychological approach that emphasizes free will, personal growth, and human achievement and potential.

Question 15

Basic psychology:

Answer 15

Seeking knowledge for its own sake; research

Question 16

Applied Psychology:

Answer 16

Practical uses of knowledge; working to figure out problem

Question 17

Experimental psychologist:

Answer 17

Conduct laboratory studies of learning motivation, emotion, sensation, perception, physiological and cognitive.

Question 18

Educational Psychologist:

Answer 18

Search for ways to improve education system and explain learning.

Question 19

Developmental psychologist:

Answer 19

Study ways people change over time: mentally physically socially

Question 20

Industrial/ organizational psychologist:

Answer 20

Study behaviors in the work place

Question 21

Psychometric psychologist:

Answer 21

Design and evaluate tests of mental abilities, aptitudes and personalities.

Question 22

Counseling Psychologist:

Answer 22

Help people deal with problems in every day life such as anxiety, family, low motivation.

Question 23

Clinical Psychologist:

Answer 23

Diagnose, treat and study mental and emotional problems, psychotherapist

Question 24

Psychiatrist:

Answer 24

Medical doctor, can prescribe medicine to patients that have mental disorders.