What is Evolution Flashcards
Define Evolution
a change in a population over many generations, not in the characteristics of one individual over a single lifetime.
Define Natural Selection
a process that produces and maintains adaptive traits within populations.
Define MICROevolution
when genetic makeup of the entire population changed over many generations
Define MACROevolution
when major changes in a lineage include the formation of new species.
What are the steps of natural selection?
A mutation occurs in the species, selection occurs in one of the species types, then adaptation of that type over many generations.
Define a population
Members of the same species in a given area that will breed with one another
Define selection
when some genetic types in a population reproduce more than others in a given environment.
Define sexual selection
Selection based on preference due to characteristics displayed by the opposite sex
Artificial selection
Where humans deliberately breed certain traits into animals and/or plants
Define gene flow
When new alleles enter a gene pool due to the carriers having migrated from one place to another
Describe genetic drift
When a random event changes the frequency of an allele or alleles in a gene pool
Artificial selection
Where humans deliberately breed certain traits into animals and/or plants
What are the two processes that can add new alleles to a gene pool?
Mutation and gene flow.
Describe genetic drift
When a random event changes the frequency of an allele or alleles in a gene pool
What is the Founder Effect?
A form of genetic drift where a small group leave a population and start their own gene pool elsewhere
