Week One: Overview Flashcards
What is etiology?
The cause of a disease
What is pathogenesis?
The manner of development of a disease
What is etiopathogenesis?
The cause and subsequent development of an abnormal condition or of a disease
What is the definition of mechanism of disease?
Something that causes a disease/Categories of things that can makes us sick
What is pathophysiology?
The disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury
What is innate immunity?
Immunity that occurs naturally as a result of a person’s genetic constitution or physiology and does not arise from a previous infection or vaccination
What is a non-specific immune response?
Your body has not really seen this before (like a splinter)
What is a specific immune response?
Your body has seen this before (like a cold)
What are some factors of Degenerative mechanisms of disease
Aging, wear and tear, loss of functional reserve, suppression
What are some factors of regenerative mechanism of disease?
Hyperplastic (high number of cells), hypertrophic (enlargement), remodeling (cells changing shape) like surgical scars
What does neoplastic mean?
Total new growth
What does oncogenes mean?
Genetic disposition to form cancer
How are Feline Leukemia Virus and cancer related?
Feline Leukemia Virus doesn’t cause cancer, but it “sets the stage” to form cancer
Describe the neoplastic mechanism of disease
Diseases being hereditary/prominent in certain breeds/after certain other diseases
______ is characterized by invasive species organisms invading, establishing, and then maintaining presence in a parasitic relation with cells or tissues
Infectious
What is autoimmunity?
Control of the inflammatory cascade is lost against cells and tissues previously regarded as ‘self”
Equation for Blunt force impact
KE=1/2mv2 (Kinetic Energy=1/2massVelocity^2)
What is metabolic?
Cells output becomes decreased or exhausted
What is an example of a metabolic mechanism of disease?
Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus
What are some examples of intoxication mechanism of disease?
Ingestion of antifreeze, grapes/raisins, chocolate,reptiles
Insects
Arachnids
What are some examples of drug reaction mechanism of disease?
Anaphylaxis, induction of allergy, immune complex formation, vascular reactions and flow changes, bone marrow suppression
Explain canine distemper
a highly contagious virus disease especially of dogs that is marked by fever, leukopenia, and respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms and that is caused by a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus
What are the main issues with canine distemper/panepitheliotrophic virus?
gastroenteritis, encephalitis, pneumonitis/pneumonia
Explain Canine adenovirus-2
one of the causes of infectious tracheobronchitis, also known as canine cough
spread directly from dog to dog through infected respiratory secretions or by contact with contaminated feces or urine.
What are some signs of Canine Adenovirus-2
Dry, hacking cough
Retching
Coughing up white foamy discharge
Conjunctivitis
Explain Canine Parvovirus
highly contagious and attacks the gastrointestinal tract of puppies and dogs
Death can occur as early as two days after the onset of the disease
transmitted by direct contact and contact with contaminated feces, environments, or people
What are some signs of Canine Parvovirus?
Lethargy Loss of appetite Fever Vomiting Severe, and often bloody, diarrhea
What are the different names for Feline Panleukopenia?
Feline Distemper, Feline Infectious Enteritis, Cat Plague, Feline Ataxia, Feline Parvovirus
Explain Feline Panleukopenia
highly contagious, severe infection that causes gastrointestinal, immune system, and nervous system disease
How is feline panleukopenia transmitted?
transmitted directly between cats and through contact with fomites, such as shared food and water bowls, grooming items, etc. Infected pregnant queens can also pass FPV to their kittens
What are some signs of Feline Panleukopenia?
Diarrhea Vomiting Disinterest in food/water Depression Low white blood cell count Seizures
There is a wet and dry form of what feline disease?
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
Explain wet form of feline infectious peritonitis
accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, the chest cavity, or both
Which form of feline infectious peritonitis is always fatal?
dry form
Explain cat scratch fever
an infectious disease occurring after a scratch by a cat’s claw, a splinter, or a thorn. Symptoms include mild fever and inflammation of the injury site and of the lymph glands.
Explain canine leptospirosis
a contagious disease affecting both animals and humans and spread by infection with a bacterial pathogen called Leptospira, may result in chronic liver and kidney disease and fatality in the dog.
Explain Lyme disease
an inflammatory disease characterized at first by a rash, headache, fever, and chills, and later by possible arthritis and neurological and cardiac disorders, caused by bacteria that are transmitted by ticks
What are the stages of rabies?
Laryngeal paralysis, “dumb” stage, “furious stage”
Explain rabies
viral disease that causes acute inflammation of the brain in humans and other warm-blooded animals.
Early symptoms may include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. This is then followed by either violent movements, uncontrolled excitement, and fear of water or an inability to move parts of the body and confusion followed by loss of consciousness.
What does the SNAP 4Dx Plus for TBDz test for?
Tests for Dirofilaria, Borellia, Anaplasma, A. platys, Ehrlichia canis, E. eweingi
Explain Canine Ehrlichia
Contracted through bite of tick
Depresses platelet formation and causes animals to bleed out
Explain canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis
Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial infection that is spread by ticks. Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness
What is a recombinant vaccine?
a suspension of attenuated viruses or killed microorganisms developed through recombinant DNA techniques
