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Companion Animal Diseases > Week One: Overview > Flashcards

Week One: Overview Flashcards

1
Q

What is etiology?

A

The cause of a disease

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2
Q

What is pathogenesis?

A

The manner of development of a disease

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3
Q

What is etiopathogenesis?

A

The cause and subsequent development of an abnormal condition or of a disease

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4
Q

What is the definition of mechanism of disease?

A

Something that causes a disease/Categories of things that can makes us sick

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5
Q

What is pathophysiology?

A

The disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury

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6
Q

What is innate immunity?

A

Immunity that occurs naturally as a result of a person’s genetic constitution or physiology and does not arise from a previous infection or vaccination

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7
Q

What is a non-specific immune response?

A

Your body has not really seen this before (like a splinter)

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8
Q

What is a specific immune response?

A

Your body has seen this before (like a cold)

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9
Q

What are some factors of Degenerative mechanisms of disease

A

Aging, wear and tear, loss of functional reserve, suppression

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10
Q

What are some factors of regenerative mechanism of disease?

A

Hyperplastic (high number of cells), hypertrophic (enlargement), remodeling (cells changing shape) like surgical scars

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11
Q

What does neoplastic mean?

A

Total new growth

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12
Q

What does oncogenes mean?

A

Genetic disposition to form cancer

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13
Q

How are Feline Leukemia Virus and cancer related?

A

Feline Leukemia Virus doesn’t cause cancer, but it “sets the stage” to form cancer

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14
Q

Describe the neoplastic mechanism of disease

A

Diseases being hereditary/prominent in certain breeds/after certain other diseases

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15
Q

______ is characterized by invasive species organisms invading, establishing, and then maintaining presence in a parasitic relation with cells or tissues

A

Infectious

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16
Q

What is autoimmunity?

A

Control of the inflammatory cascade is lost against cells and tissues previously regarded as ‘self”

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17
Q

Equation for Blunt force impact

A

KE=1/2mv2 (Kinetic Energy=1/2massVelocity^2)

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18
Q

What is metabolic?

A

Cells output becomes decreased or exhausted

19
Q

What is an example of a metabolic mechanism of disease?

A

Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus

20
Q

What are some examples of intoxication mechanism of disease?

A

Ingestion of antifreeze, grapes/raisins, chocolate,reptiles
Insects
Arachnids

21
Q

What are some examples of drug reaction mechanism of disease?

A

Anaphylaxis, induction of allergy, immune complex formation, vascular reactions and flow changes, bone marrow suppression

22
Q

Explain canine distemper

A

a highly contagious virus disease especially of dogs that is marked by fever, leukopenia, and respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms and that is caused by a paramyxovirus of the genus Morbillivirus

23
Q

What are the main issues with canine distemper/panepitheliotrophic virus?

A

gastroenteritis, encephalitis, pneumonitis/pneumonia

24
Q

Explain Canine adenovirus-2

A

one of the causes of infectious tracheobronchitis, also known as canine cough

spread directly from dog to dog through infected respiratory secretions or by contact with contaminated feces or urine.

25
Q

What are some signs of Canine Adenovirus-2

A

Dry, hacking cough
Retching
Coughing up white foamy discharge
Conjunctivitis

26
Q

Explain Canine Parvovirus

A

highly contagious and attacks the gastrointestinal tract of puppies and dogs
Death can occur as early as two days after the onset of the disease
transmitted by direct contact and contact with contaminated feces, environments, or people

27
Q

What are some signs of Canine Parvovirus?

A 
Lethargy
Loss of appetite
Fever
Vomiting
Severe, and often bloody, diarrhea
28
Q

What are the different names for Feline Panleukopenia?

A

Feline Distemper, Feline Infectious Enteritis, Cat Plague, Feline Ataxia, Feline Parvovirus

29
Q

Explain Feline Panleukopenia

A

highly contagious, severe infection that causes gastrointestinal, immune system, and nervous system disease

30
Q

How is feline panleukopenia transmitted?

A

transmitted directly between cats and through contact with fomites, such as shared food and water bowls, grooming items, etc. Infected pregnant queens can also pass FPV to their kittens

31
Q

What are some signs of Feline Panleukopenia?

A 
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Disinterest in food/water
Depression
Low white blood cell count
Seizures
32
Q

There is a wet and dry form of what feline disease?

A

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

33
Q

Explain wet form of feline infectious peritonitis

A

accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, the chest cavity, or both

34
Q

Which form of feline infectious peritonitis is always fatal?

A

dry form

35
Q

Explain cat scratch fever

A

an infectious disease occurring after a scratch by a cat’s claw, a splinter, or a thorn. Symptoms include mild fever and inflammation of the injury site and of the lymph glands.

36
Q

Explain canine leptospirosis

A

a contagious disease affecting both animals and humans and spread by infection with a bacterial pathogen called Leptospira, may result in chronic liver and kidney disease and fatality in the dog.

37
Q

Explain Lyme disease

A

an inflammatory disease characterized at first by a rash, headache, fever, and chills, and later by possible arthritis and neurological and cardiac disorders, caused by bacteria that are transmitted by ticks

38
Q

What are the stages of rabies?

A

Laryngeal paralysis, “dumb” stage, “furious stage”

39
Q

Explain rabies

A

viral disease that causes acute inflammation of the brain in humans and other warm-blooded animals.

Early symptoms may include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. This is then followed by either violent movements, uncontrolled excitement, and fear of water or an inability to move parts of the body and confusion followed by loss of consciousness.

40
Q

What does the SNAP 4Dx Plus for TBDz test for?

A

Tests for Dirofilaria, Borellia, Anaplasma, A. platys, Ehrlichia canis, E. eweingi

41
Q

Explain Canine Ehrlichia

A

Contracted through bite of tick

Depresses platelet formation and causes animals to bleed out

42
Q

Explain canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis

A

Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial infection that is spread by ticks. Symptoms include fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness

43
Q

What is a recombinant vaccine?

A

a suspension of attenuated viruses or killed microorganisms developed through recombinant DNA techniques

Companion Animal Diseases (9 decks)

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