Week Five Flashcards
What are anchors
Key dates of important events like birthdays that help trigger recall for respondents
What is ADAM
Arrested drug abuse monitoring
USA program uses standardised drug testing methodologies and predictive models to measure the consequences of drug abusers within each state and across state boundaries
What is association
A criterion for establishing a causal relationship between two variables variation in one variable is related to the variation in another
What is the idiographic perspective of a causal effect
When a series of concrete events, thoughts and actions result in a particular outcome or individual outcome
What is ceteris paribus
All other things being equal - Latin
What is counterfactual effects
The outcome that would have occurred if subjects who were exposed to the treatment actually were not exposed but otherwise had identical experiences to those that underwent during the experiment
What is a cross sectional research design
A study in which data are collected at only one point in time
What is ecological fallacy
An error in reasoning in which incorrect conclusions about individual level processes are drawn from group level data
What is an extraneous variable
A variable that influences both the independent and dependent variables so as to create a spurious association between them that disappears when the third (extraneous) variable is controlled
What is the idiographic causal explanation
An explanation that identifies the concrete, individual sequence of events, thoughts or actions that resulted in a particular outcome for a particular individual or that led to a particular event, may be termed an individualist or historicist explanation
What is longitudinal research design
A study in which data are collected that can be ordered in time; also defined as research in which data are collected at two or more points in time
What is the nomothetic causal explanation
A type of causal explanation involving the belief that variation in an independent variable will be followed by variation in the dependent variable, when all other things are equal
What is nonspuriousness
A relationship that exists between two variables that is not due to a variation in a third variable
What is reductionist fallacy
An error in reasoning that occurs when incorrect conclusions about group level processes are based on individual level data
What is trend study
Repeated cross sectional design.
A type if longitudinal study in which data is collected at two or more points in time from different samples of the same population
