week 9 LAB

Question 1

location of fallopian tubes

Answer 1

The uterus is lateral to them. Broad ligments are posterior/medial/lateral

Question 2

function of fimbrae

Answer 2

The fimbriae of the uterine tube, also known as fimbriae tubae, are small, fingerlike projections at the end of the fallopian tubes, through which eggs move from the ovaries to the uterus. The fimbriae are connected to the ovary.

Question 3

3 tissue walls of the falllopian tubes n heir function

Answer 3

the mucosa - ciliated simple columnar celllamina propia
responsible for transporting gametes and embryos and tubal fluid secretions
the muscularis -smooth muscle an inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer.
assist in propulsion of the fertilised ovum
the serosa- loose connective tissue

Question 4

unite/ of sex cells happens whre

Answer 4

follopain tubes

Question 5

location of uretus, in relation to bladder, rectum and parietal peritoneum

Answer 5

Superior to bladder and rectum, deep to peritoneum

Question 6

average size, weight and volume of the adult non-pregnant uterus

Answer 6

3 to 4 inches by 2.5 inches, 6ml to 5 litres, 60 grams

Question 7

location of three main divisions of uretus

Answer 7

The fundus is the top of the uterus. The body is the main part of the uterus and includes the uterine cavity. The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus

Question 8

location of two main cavities of uterus

Answer 8

The interior of the body of the uterus is called the uterine cavity, and the interior of the cervix is called the cervical canal

Question 9

perimetrium of urteus

Answer 9

S: or serosa—is part of the visceral peritoneum; it is composed of simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue.
F:secretes a lubricating fluid that helps to reduce friction

Question 10

moymetrium of uterus

Answer 10

S: consists of three layers of smooth muscle fibers that are thickest in the fundus and thinnest in the cervix. The thicker middle layer is circular; the inner and outer layers are longitudinal or oblique.
F: main function is to induce uterine contractions

Question 11

endometrium of uterus

Answer 11

S:(1) An innermost layer composed of simple columnar epithelium (ciliated and secretory cells) lines the lumen. (2) An underlying endometrial stroma is a very thick region of lamina propria (areolar connective tissue). (3) Endometrial (uterine) glands develop as invaginations of the luminal epithelium and extend almost to the myometrium.
F: the endometrium thickens and renews itself, preparing for pregnancy. If pregnancy doesn’t occur, the endometrium sheds in a process known as menstruation. If conception takes place, the embryo implants into the endometrium

Question 12

the name of the coat (uterus) that sloughs off during menstruation and post delivery

Answer 12

stratum functionalis (functional layer)

Question 13

name of coat that contracts during labour

Answer 13

motmetrium

Question 14

two. hormones directly responsible for the growth and proliferation of the endomerital layers

Answer 14

estrogen/ postegron?

Question 15

the effect of estrogen on the myometrium

Answer 15

Stimulates production of actin & myosin. Increases muscle tone.

Question 16

the effect of progesterone on the myometrium

Answer 16

Also promotes protein anabolism. Inhibits contraction of the myometrium

Question 17

the effect of oxytocin on the myometrium

Answer 17

During pregnancy, oxytocin progressively stimulates myometrial activity, particularly toward the end of pregnancy. Oxytocin is often used to initiate and stimulate labor.

Question 18

three functions of the uterus

Answer 18

many functions in the processes of implantation, gestation, menstruation, and labor. Gestation is the period of time between conception and birth

Question 19

uterine ligaments - broad

Answer 19

a) number 
2
b) tissue composition 
are double folds of peritoneum 
c) function in support of uterus 
attaching the uterus to either side of the pelvic cavity.

Question 20

uterine ligaments - rounds

Answer 20

number
2
b) tissue composition
bands of fibrous connective tissue between the layers of the broad ligament they extend from a point on the uterus just inferior to the uterine tubes to a portion of the labia majora of the external genitalia
c) function in support of uterus
maintain the anteflexed position of the uterus, they also allow the uterine body enough movement such that the uterus may become malpositioned.

Question 21

cardinal - uterine ligaments

Answer 21

a) number
2
b) tissue composition
loose areolar connective tissue surrounded by blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
c) function in support of uterus
attaches the lateral side of the vagina and cervix to the lateral pelvic wall, which provides support to the vagina and cervix

Question 22

uterosacral - uterine ligaments

Answer 22

a) number 
2
b) tissue composition 
both smooth muscle and fibrous tissue. 
c) function in support of uterus 
connect the uterus to the sacrum

Question 23

location/length of vagina

Answer 23

a) location, in relation to the urethra, bladder, rectum and uterus
Urethra is anterior to the vagina, bladder is anterior and superior to vagiina, rectum is dorsal to the vagina, uterus is superior to vagina
b) approximate length
2.75 inches to about 3¼ inches

Question 24

location fornices

Answer 24

the superior portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the vaginal portion of cervix

Question 25

tissue type of vagina

Answer 25

stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis:
Outer longitudinal layer
Inner circular layer
Adventitia

Question 26

effects of vagina ph on mircoorganism

Answer 26

creates a barrier that prevents unhealthy bacteria and yeast from multiplying too quickly and causing infection

Question 27

effects of vagina pH on sperm

Answer 27

Ability to permenate egg, During sex, the pH level inside the vagina temporarily rises, making the normally acidic environment more alkaline to protect the sperm so they can make their way to the egg

Question 28

vulva

Answer 28

the outer part of the female genitals

Question 29

pperineum

Answer 29

the area between the anus and genitals, extending from either the vaginal opening to the anus

Question 30

mons veneris (pubis)

Answer 30

Protect sex organs

Question 31

labia majora

Answer 31

fleshy folds of tissue that enclose and protect the other external genital organs

Question 32

labia minora

Answer 32

protective structures that surround the clitoris, urinary orifice, and vaginal orifice

Question 33

clitoris

Answer 33

female erogenous organ capable of erection under sexual stimulation

Question 34

prepuce

Answer 34

skin folds protect the opening of the urethra and the vagina.

Question 35

hymen

Answer 35

it’s thought that hymen tissue remains as a vestige of vaginal development. Embryologically, it tended to keep germs and dirt out of the vagina.

Question 36

skene’s gland

Answer 36

two glands located on either side of the urethra. These glands are believed to secrete a substance to lubricate the urethra opening

Question 37

bartholin;s gland

Answer 37

secrete fluid that helps lubricate the vagina

Question 38

alveoli gland

Answer 38

a modified sudoriferous (sweat) gland that produces milk A mammary gland consists of 15 to 20 lobes, or compartments, separated by a variable amount of adipose tissue

Question 39

mammary ducts

Answer 39

When milk is being produced, it passes from the alveoli into a series of secondary tubules and then into the mammary ducts.

Question 40

lacitferous sinus

Answer 40

Near the nipple, the mammary ducts expand slightly to form sinuses called lactiferous sinuses (lact- = milk), where some milk may be stored before draining into a lactiferous duct.

Question 41

lactiferoosu duct

Answer 41

Each lactiferous duct typically carries milk from one of the lobes to the exterior

Question 42

estrogen on breast

Answer 42

a) source
ovaries
b) effects on breast structure and function
Helps with formation of secondary sex characrtisics which are the breasts

Question 43

progesterone on breasts

Answer 43

a) source
ovaries
b) effects on breast structure and function
It stimulates the formation of the milk glands.

Question 44

lactogenic hormone (prolactin) on breasts

Answer 44

Hypothalamus act on the anterior pituitary gland
b) effects on breast structure and function
Helps cause milk production in mammary glands

Question 45

osytocin on breast

Answer 45

a) source
Hypothalamus act on the posterior pituitary gland
b) effects on breast structure and function
It will help release milk