Week 9 - Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
What nervous system is the ‘flight or fight response’?
A
Sympathetic
2
Q
Emotions commonly associated with anxiety
A
- Fear
- Worry
- Distress
- Anger
- Terror
3
Q
What does Yerkes-Dodson curve look at?
A
- As anxiety increases, your performance increases until it reaches a peak
- after a certain point, your performance starts to decline
4
Q
Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders in Australia
A
1 in 5 Australian’s will get an anxiety disorder in their life
5
Q
Is anxiety more common in males or females?
A
Females
6
Q
- Marked, persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable
- Exposure to phobia stimulus provokes immediate response
- Recognition that the fear is unreasonable
- Phobia situation(s) avoided or endured with intense anxiety
- Avoidance or anxiety significantly impacts on functionality of individual
- Duration more than 6 months
A
Specific phobia
7
Q
- Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations where the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others
- Individual fears that they will act in a way that will be negatively evaluated
- Social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety
- The fear, anxiety or avoidance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other functioning
A
Social phobia
8
Q
- Fear about being in certain situations like open spaces, public transport or crowded areas
- Immediate anxiety or panic when exposed to phobic situations
- Fear is recognised as disproportionate
- Avoidance behaviour or anticipatory anxiety is disruptive to normal activities
A
Agoraphobia
9
Q
- Recurrent panic attacks, often unexpected
- At least one attack has been followed by persistent concern. worry or changes in behaviour
- Attacks not due to medical condition or substance use
- not accounted for better by any other anxiety disorder
A
Panic disorder
10
Q
- Excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events or activities occurring more days than not for at least 6 months
- Difficulty in controlling worry
- Experiences 3 or more of the following
>restlessness/on edge
> easily fatigued
>difficulty concentrating
>irritability
>muscle tension
>sleep disturbance - Anxiety, worry of physical symptoms cause significant functional problems
A
Generalised anxiety disorder
11
Q
- Presence of obsessions (persuasive and intrusive thoughts, impulses, images) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviours or mental acts that must be applied rigidly)
- he person must realise that the obsession and/or compulsions are excessive and unreasonable
- The obsessions and/or compulsions cause marked distress, are time consuming (>1hour/day), or significantly interfere with day-to-day functioning
A
OCD
12
Q
- The person has been exposed to a traumatic event
- The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in at least one of the following ways:
>Recurrent/intrusive recollection of the event
>Recurrent/distressing dreams of the event
>Feelings that the event is taking place again
>Intense psychological distress upon exposure to cues that symbolise event
>Physiological reactivity upon exposure to cues that symbolise event - Some of the following features:
>Efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, conversations, activities, or people associated with trauma
>Inability to recall important information associated with trauma, diminished interest in activities or others, blunted affect and sense of foreshortened future
>Difficulty in sleeping, anger outbursts, poor concentration, hyper vigilance and exaggerated startle response
> more than 1 month of symptoms and impacts significantly on functioning
A
PTSD
13
Q
Treatment of anxiety disorders
A
- Identify & manage co-morbid medical problems
- Identify & manage co morbid substance use Disorders (esp. alcohol, cannabis & amphetamine)
- Identify & manage co-morbid psychiatric problems (esp. depression & psychosis)
- Non-pharmacological treatment
- Pharmacological treatment
14
Q
Non-pharmacological management
A
- Therapeutic alliance
- Psychoeducation
- Stimulant reduction
- Sleep hygiene
- Relaxation training
- Behavioural activation
- Exposure
- Psychotherapy
>PST, CBT, IPT, psychodynamic etc
15
Q
What does sleep hygiene involve?
A
- Regular exercise, but not within two hours of bedtime
- Regular exposure to bright light during the day
- Ensure good sleep environment
- Eliminate caffeine after mid-afternoon
- Adopt relaxing bedtime routine & regular waking time
- Avoid screen time within half an hour of bedtime
- Avoid large meals within two hours of bedtime
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption
