Week 11 - Alcohol & Drug Dependence Flashcards
Deaths from drug use
One-fifth of all deaths in Aus have drug-related causes
Examples of CNS depressants
- Alcohol
- Anti-anxiety drugs
Examples of CNS psychostimulants
- Amphetamines
- Cocain
Examples of opiates/opioids
- Heroin
- Morphine
Examples of cannabis
- Marijuana
- Hash
Examples of hallucinogens
- LSD
- Ecstasy
Examples of inhalants
- Aerosol sprays
- Glues
- Paint
Intoxication definition
- Reversible
- Due to recent ingestion (or exposure)
- Recurrent use and failure to fulfil role obligations
- Recurrent use when physically hazardous
- Recurrent substance-related legal problems
- Continued use despite persistent social or interpersonal problems
Substance abuse
How many of the following do you need to do to have substance abuse
1 or more in the past 12 months
- Increased tolerance
- Repeated withdrawal symptoms
- Taken in larger amounts over longer period than initially intended
- Persistent desire to cut down/unsuccessful attempts
- Great deal of time getting, using or recovering
Dependence
How many of the following do you need to have ‘dependence’
3 or more in the past 12 months
Why do people use drugs?
- Pleasurable
- Removal of unpleasant feelings
- Modelling use by others
- Culturally consistent
Individual risk of abuse/dependence
- Genetics
- Physiological vulnerability
- physiological factors
- Personality factors
Treatment for substance dependence
- Abstinence vs harm minimisation
- Detox treatment
- Psychological interventions
- Pharmacological treatments
- Self-help groups
CAGE screen
- C: have you ever felt you should CUT DOWN on your drinking?
- A: Have people ANNOYED you by critisising your drinking?
- G: Have you ever felt bad or GUILTY about your drinking?
- E: EYE OPENER. Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves or to get rid of a hangover?
Psychological treatments
- CBT
- Motivational interviewing
What would you advise?
- Evidence of alcohol dependence
- History of repeated attempts to cut down
- Contradicted medical condition
Abstain
What would you advise?
- Drinking about recommended low-risk limits and no evidence of dependence
Cut down
