Week 13 - Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
Individual experiences distortion of or loss of contact with reality without clouding of consciousness
Psychosis
Positive psychotic symptoms
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Thought disorder
- Thought alienation
- False, unshakeable belief
- Out of keeping with prevailing cultural or religious beliefs
- Maintained despite evidence to the contrary
Delusions
What type of delusion is this:
- Belief that one is being harasses, persecuted or cheated
Persecutory
What type of delusion is this:
- Exaggerated conception of one’s power, status or identity
- More commonly seen with illnesses like manic phase of bipolar disorder
Gandiose
- Perceptions that occur in the absence of a sensory stimulus:
>auditory
>visual
>olfactory, gustatory, tactile
Hallucination
Misinterpretations of existing sensory stimuli
Illusions
Risk factors for psychosis
- Genes
- Advanced paternal age
- Developmental delays
- Abuse
- Low SES
- Two or more of the following present for a significant proportion of time during a one month period
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganised speech
- Grossly disorganised or catatonic behaviour
- Negative symptoms - Significant decline in functioning
- Persistent
- Not major depressive disorder with psychotic features
- Not due to drugs or medical condition
Schizophrenia
Is schizophrenia onset gradual or sudden?
Can be both
Most common age for schizophrenia
early adulthood
Is this bipolar I or II?:
at least one manic episode and typically is characterised by occasional but sometimes frequent manic episodes and depressive episodes
Bipolar I
Is this bipolar I or II?:
- hypomanic episodes that do not meet criteria for manic episodes plus major depression
Bipolar II
- Distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood, LASTING FOR AT LEAST 4 DAYS
Hypomania
What is the difference between mania and hypomania?
Duration:
- Mania = at least one week
- Hypomania = at least 4 days
- Use of a psychotomimetic substance
- Followed by an episode of psychosis that exceeds the period of intoxication
Drug induced psychotic disorder
- Has features of both psychosis and mood disturbance
Schizoaffective disorder
Three pillars of managing psychosis
- Mental and physical health care
- Disability support
- Suitable accommodation
Mental health care involves
- Minimise the duration of untreated psychosis
- Address risk
- Involve families
- Psychoeducation
- Medication
Major challenge in psychosis care
Non-adherence
- Need to engage family; avoid antipsychotics with side effects; offer Long Acting Injectable antipsychotic medications
Therapies for psychosis
- CBT
- Social cognition and interaction training
- Cognitive remediation
- Motivational interviewing for substance use
Social interventions for psychosis
- Housing and accomodation
- Education
- Encourage interests
- Socialisation
- Vocational support
