Week 9 Flashcards
What system is the cerebellum part of?
Indirect
What is the purpose of the cerebellum?
- Receives info from and projects info to all levels of the brain
- Inhibits extra movements sent by cortex
- Coordination of voluntary movement
- Balance, coordination, tone, equilibrium control
What are the etiolgies of Ataxic Dysarthria?
Idiopathic CVA in cerebellum TBI (boxing - "punch drunk" Cerebellar tumor Infection (encephalitis) Toxicity Genetics Demyelinating disease Cerebellar degeneration/atrophy
What are some global changes of ataxic dysarthria?
Intention/terminal tremor Decreased motor steadiness - clumsy, fumbling Slow movement Decreased coordination Inaccurate movement - over/undershoot Ineffective movement Hypotonic
What is the chest/respiration like in ataxic dysarthria?
Rapid shallow breathing reduced VC Difficulty taking deep breaths Lack of checking action Decreased air flow rate Bursts of loudness Short breath groups Fading at the end of sentences Speaking on residual air
What is the larynx/phonation like in ataxic dysarthria?
No laryngeal pathology
limited ROM of VFs Hyperadduction of VFs Slow vibration Prosodic changes excess/equal stress monopitch/monoloud Roughness High pitch
What are the changes in resonance and the velopharynx in ataxic dysarthria?
No changes in VP or resonance
What are the lips/jaw/tongue and articulation like in ataxic dysarthria?
Lack of coordination of subsystems Imprecise Inaccurate Slow Reduced resistance/strength Changes in place/manner/voicing Distorted vowels/imprecise consonants Prolonged phonemes and intervals b/t phonemes
What are AMR/SMR and MPT like in ataxic dysarthria?
Dysrhythmic
Slow
Voiceless –> voiced
short MPT duration, breathy, tremors
What is the primary speech deviation in ataxic dysarthria?
dysprosody
Prosodic abnormalities:
- pitch
- loudness
- strain
- duration
- rhythm
- rate
Unnatural speech
LACK OF CONSISTENCY OF ERRORS
What are the etiologies of MS?
- Idiopathic degenerative disease
- Genetic (DRB1)
What nervous system is affected in MS?
CNS
What age is the usual onset of MS?
30s and 40s
Who is most effected by MS?
women
What are the types of MS?
Relapsing-remitting
Secondary-progressive
Primary-progressive
Progressive-relapsing
What are global changes of MS?
Pervasive weakness Decreased coordination Ataxic gait Intention tremor Visual loss Diplopia (double vision)
What is the chest/respiration like in MS?
Rapid shallow breathing Reduced VC Issues taking a breath Lack of checking action Decreased air flow Reduced loudness Bursts of loudness Short breath Speak on residual air
What is the larynx/phonation like in MS?
No laryngeal pathology Limited ROM of VFs Hyperadduction of Vfs Slow vibrations Roughness Reduced pitch
What are the changes in resonance and the velopharynx in MS?
Mild VP air leakage
Hypernasal (mild)
What are the lips/jaw/tongue and articulation like in MS?
Slow
Imprecise
Inaccurate
Reduced resistance and strength
What are AMR/SMR and MPT like in MS?
Maybe imprecise
Rough, short duration MPT
Variable loudness
What are the etiologies of Friedreich’s ataxia?
Autosomal recessive gene FXN
What are the global changes of Friedreich’s ataxia?
Dementia SN deafness Gait ataxia Slowly spreads to arms and trunk Loss of sensation in the extremities Scoliosis
What is the chest/respiration like in Friedreich’s ataxia?
Abnormal respiratory synchrony Reduced loudness Bursts of loudness Short breath groups Fading at end of the sentence Speaking on residual air
What is the larynx/phonation like in Friedreich’s ataxia?
No laryngeal pathology Hypperaddduction of VFs Slow vibration Roughness Breathiness Strain strangled Stridor Fluctuating Pitch monopitch/loud pitch breaks Excess/equal stress
What are the changes in resonance and the velopharynx in Friedreich’s ataxia?
Mild air leakage
Mild hypernasality
What are the lips/jaw/tongue and articulation like in Friedreich’s ataxia?
Lack of coordination Slow Imprecise Inaccurate Irregular rate
What are AMR/SMR and MPT like in Friedreich’s ataxia?
Reduced distintion b/t voiced and voiceless
Slow, irregular rate
Irregular changes in pitch and loudness
Roughness
Breathy
Strain-strangled