Week 11

Question 1

What are the general classifications of hyperkinetic dysarthria?

Answer 1

Quick
Slow
Tremors

Question 2

What does hyperkinetic dysarthria result from?

Answer 2

Failure of the extrapyramidal level to inhibit the extra impulses from the cortex

Question 3

What are the types of quick hyperkinesias?

Answer 3

myoclonus
tics
chorea

Question 4

What is the fastest hyperkinetic disorder?

Answer 4

myoclonus

Question 5

How do you describe myoclonus?

Answer 5

Sudden, shock like contraction

involuntary (can be postponed but not suppresed)

Question 6

Are myoclonus rhythmical?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Where can myoclonus happen?

Answer 7

Anywhere in the body

Question 8

What is the etiology of myoclonus?

Answer 8

Idiopathic
Brain or spinal cord injury
Infection
Kidney or live failure
Lipid storage disease
Chemical or drug poisoning
Prolonged O2 deprivation
Medication reaction
Autoimmune inflammatory conditions
Metabolic disorders

Question 9

When do palatal myoclonus typically stop?

Answer 9

During sleep

Question 10

What quick hyperkinesias are slighly slower than myclonic jerks?

Answer 10

Tics (Gilles de la Tourette)

Question 11

What is the etiology of tics?

Answer 11

Unknown
Genetic disorder
Nongenetic
Environmental
Postinfectious (ex. meningitis)

Question 12

What are the types of tics

Answer 12

Simple phonic tics (noises)

Complex phonic tics (linguistically meaningful)

Question 13

What are examples of simple phonic tics?

Answer 13

sniffing (most common)
blowing
squeaking
screaming
barking
grunting
coughing

Question 14

What are examples of complex phonic tics?

Answer 14

coprolalia (cursing)
echolalia
palilalia
loud talking

Question 15

What quick hyperkinesias are slightly slower than tics?

Answer 15

chorea

Question 16

What are the most common types of chorea?

Answer 16

Sydenham’s chorea (childhood; infection, acute rheumatic fever) - can be treated/resolved

Huntington’s chorea (progressive genetic with dementia)

Question 17

How can you best describe chorea?

Answer 17

Involuntary
Dancelike
Erratic

Question 18

Each child has a ___ chance of inheriting the Huntington’s chorea gene if parent has it

Answer 18

50%

Question 19

What are the types of slow hyperkinesias?

Answer 19

athetosis

dystonia

Question 20

Etiology of athetosis?

Answer 20

Early onset

• trauma
• anoxia
• neonatal jaundice

Later onset

• encephalitis
• stroke
• tumor in basal ganglia

Question 21

How can you best describe athetosis?

Answer 21

Repetitive
Slow
Twisting
Writhing
Fluctuating tone