Week 9 Flashcards
That kind of joint is the ankle joint?
Talocural joint
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brivis
What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the lef?
Anterior tibial and fibular arteries
What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
Superficial fibular nerve (branch of common fibular nerve)
What are the attachments of the superior fibular retinaculum?
The tip of the lateral malleolus to the calcaneus
What passes under the superior fibular retinaculum?
Perineal and Fibularis tendons
What is the pathway of the Fibularis longus muscle?
Passes posterior to the lateral malleolus via a common synovial sheath with Fibularis brevis
It then passes through a groove on the cuboid bone, running dismally to its insertion
Fibularis longus
O: head of the lateral fibula
I: base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
NS: superficial fibular nerve
A: everts foot, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, stabilisation of leg on foot
Fibularis brevis
O: lateral surface of the fibula
I: tuberous it’s on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal
NS: superficial fibular nerve
A: eversion of the foot, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, stabilise the leg on the foot
What divides the steroid compartment into superficial and deep groups?
The transverse intermuscular septum, this runs from the tibia to the fibular.
What is the nerve supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?
The tibial nerve
What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?
Tibial and fibular arteries
What muscles from the superficial group of the posterior compartment of the leg?
Plantaris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
What does surae refer to?
The calf
What is another name for the Achilles’ tendon?
The Calcaneal tendon
Gastrocnemius
O: lateral side of the lateral condyle of the femur (lateral head) popliteal surface of the femur (medial head)
I: posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
NS: tibial nerve
A: plantarflexion of the ankle when the knee is extended, raises the heel during walking, flexes the knee
Soleus
O: posterior head and superior posterior fibula, Soleal line, middle third of the medial border of the tibia and the tendinous arch
I: posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
NS: ?
A: plantar flexion?
What muscles does plantar is run between?
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Plantaris
O: inferior part of the lateral supra condylar line of the femur and the oblique popliteal ligament
I: posterior surface of the calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
NS: tibial nerve
A: weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexion of the ankle and flexion of the knee
What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
Popliteus
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibial is posterior
What is the function of popliteus?
Allows for lateral rotation of the femur, allowing unlocking of the knee. Also medially rotates the tibia on the femur if the leg is flexed
Popliteus
O: lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus
I: posterior surface of the tibia, superior to the Soleal line
NS: tibial nerve
A: flexion of huge knee, lateral rotation of the femur, medial rotation of huge tibia when knee is flexed
Flexor digitorum longus
O: medial part of the posterior tibia, inferior to the Soleal line and by a broad tendon attaching to the fibula
I: bases of distal phalanges of 2-5
NS: tibial nerve
A: flexes lateral 4 digits, plantar flexes ankle, supports longitudinal arches off the foot
What structures does Flexor hallucis longus pass?
O: inferior two thirs of the posterior surface of the fibula, adjacent Interosseus membrane
I: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
NS: tibial nerve
A: flexes the big toe weak ankle plantar flexor, more here you missed
Tibialis posterior
O: Interosseus membrane, posterior tibia, inferior to Soleal line, posterior fibula
I: tuberous it’s of the navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid sustenaculum tali of the calcaneus and the bases of the 2nD, 3rd and 4th metatarsals
NS: tibial nerve
A: plantar flexes ankle, inverts foot, assists longitudinal arch
Medial malleus flexor retinaculum anterior to posterior
Tom dick and very naughty Harry! T D A V N H
Common fibular nerve pathway
Winds around the neck of the fibular, passes deep to fib long, divides into superficial and deep fibular nerves superficial supplies lateral compartment of the leg and the deep supplies the anterior
Deep fibular nerve
Passes through EDL, descends on the anterior surface of the Interosseus membrane with anterior tibial artery
Crosses the distal end of the tibia, and enters the dorsal foot, passes between MISSED THIS!
Supplies anterior muscles, tib/fib and ankle joints as well as a cutaneous supply between the 1st and second toe
Superficial fibular nerve
Descends in the lateral compartment of the leg, pierces the deep fascia at distal third of the leg to become cutaneous
Supplies?
Tibial nerve
Exits the popliteal fossa, running between the two head of gastrocnemius, runs under the tendinous arch of soleus
Descends on tibialis posterior
Passes under the flexor retinaculum between FHL and FDL
Divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves
What does the tibial nerve supply?
Supplies: Posterior muscles of the leg Knee joint Inferior tib fib joint Nile joint Skin covering the medial inferior aspect of calcaneus
What does the Sural nerve supply?
Skin on hue he posterior and lateral aspects of the leg and skin over the lateral aspect of the foot
Pathway of the popliteal artery
Enters popliteal fossa via the the adductor hiatus
Divides at the lower border of popliteus into anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Anterior tibial artery:
Passes through the superior Interosseus hiatus
Descends on the anterior surface of The Interosseus membrane travelling between tibial is anterior and EDL
Passes deep to the extensor retinaculum, becomes dorsalis pedis artery as it passes the ankle joint
Posterior tibial artery
Begins at the posterior border of popliteus
Passes deep to soleus, runs over tibial is posterior (IM)
Runs posterior to the medial malleolus, deep to the flexor retinaculum
Enters the foot
Posterior tibial artery branches
Circumflex fibular
Nutrient artery of the tibia
Medial malleolus branch
