Week 9

Question 0

That kind of joint is the ankle joint?

Answer 0

Talocural joint

Question 1

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 1

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brivis

Question 2

What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the lef?

Answer 2

Anterior tibial and fibular arteries

Question 3

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 3

Superficial fibular nerve (branch of common fibular nerve)

Question 4

What are the attachments of the superior fibular retinaculum?

Answer 4

The tip of the lateral malleolus to the calcaneus

Question 5

What passes under the superior fibular retinaculum?

Answer 5

Perineal and Fibularis tendons

Question 6

What is the pathway of the Fibularis longus muscle?

Answer 6

Passes posterior to the lateral malleolus via a common synovial sheath with Fibularis brevis
It then passes through a groove on the cuboid bone, running dismally to its insertion

Question 7

Fibularis longus

Answer 7

O: head of the lateral fibula
I: base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
NS: superficial fibular nerve
A: everts foot, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, stabilisation of leg on foot

Question 8

Fibularis brevis

Answer 8

O: lateral surface of the fibula
I: tuberous it’s on the lateral side of the base of the 5th metatarsal
NS: superficial fibular nerve
A: eversion of the foot, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, stabilise the leg on the foot

Question 9

What divides the steroid compartment into superficial and deep groups?

Answer 9

The transverse intermuscular septum, this runs from the tibia to the fibular.

Question 10

What is the nerve supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 10

The tibial nerve

Question 11

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 11

Tibial and fibular arteries

Question 12

What muscles from the superficial group of the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 12

Plantaris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

Question 13

What does surae refer to?

Answer 13

The calf

Question 14

What is another name for the Achilles’ tendon?

Answer 14

The Calcaneal tendon

Question 15

Gastrocnemius

Answer 15

O: lateral side of the lateral condyle of the femur (lateral head) popliteal surface of the femur (medial head)
I: posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
NS: tibial nerve
A: plantarflexion of the ankle when the knee is extended, raises the heel during walking, flexes the knee

Question 16

Soleus

Answer 16

O: posterior head and superior posterior fibula, Soleal line, middle third of the medial border of the tibia and the tendinous arch
I: posterior surface of calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
NS: ?
A: plantar flexion?

Question 17

What muscles does plantar is run between?

Answer 17

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 18

Plantaris

Answer 18

O: inferior part of the lateral supra condylar line of the femur and the oblique popliteal ligament
I: posterior surface of the calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
NS: tibial nerve
A: weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexion of the ankle and flexion of the knee

Question 19

What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 19

Popliteus
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibial is posterior

Question 20

What is the function of popliteus?

Answer 20

Allows for lateral rotation of the femur, allowing unlocking of the knee. Also medially rotates the tibia on the femur if the leg is flexed

Question 21

Popliteus

Answer 21

O: lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus
I: posterior surface of the tibia, superior to the Soleal line
NS: tibial nerve
A: flexion of huge knee, lateral rotation of the femur, medial rotation of huge tibia when knee is flexed

Question 22

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 22

O: medial part of the posterior tibia, inferior to the Soleal line and by a broad tendon attaching to the fibula
I: bases of distal phalanges of 2-5
NS: tibial nerve
A: flexes lateral 4 digits, plantar flexes ankle, supports longitudinal arches off the foot

Question 23

What structures does Flexor hallucis longus pass?

Answer 23

O: inferior two thirs of the posterior surface of the fibula, adjacent Interosseus membrane
I: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
NS: tibial nerve
A: flexes the big toe weak ankle plantar flexor, more here you missed

Question 24

Tibialis posterior

Answer 24

O: Interosseus membrane, posterior tibia, inferior to Soleal line, posterior fibula I: tuberous it's of the navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid sustenaculum tali of the calcaneus and the bases of the 2nD, 3rd and 4th metatarsals NS: tibial nerve A: plantar flexes ankle, inverts foot, assists longitudinal arch

Question 25

Medial malleus flexor retinaculum anterior to posterior

Answer 25

``` Tom dick and very naughty Harry! T D A V N H ```

Question 26

Common fibular nerve pathway

Answer 26

Winds around the neck of the fibular, passes deep to fib long, divides into superficial and deep fibular nerves superficial supplies lateral compartment of the leg and the deep supplies the anterior

Question 27

Deep fibular nerve

Answer 27

Passes through EDL, descends on the anterior surface of the Interosseus membrane with anterior tibial artery Crosses the distal end of the tibia, and enters the dorsal foot, passes between MISSED THIS! Supplies anterior muscles, tib/fib and ankle joints as well as a cutaneous supply between the 1st and second toe

Question 28

Superficial fibular nerve

Answer 28

Descends in the lateral compartment of the leg, pierces the deep fascia at distal third of the leg to become cutaneous Supplies?

Question 29

Tibial nerve

Answer 29

Exits the popliteal fossa, running between the two head of gastrocnemius, runs under the tendinous arch of soleus Descends on tibialis posterior Passes under the flexor retinaculum between FHL and FDL Divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves

Question 30

What does the tibial nerve supply?

Answer 30

``` Supplies: Posterior muscles of the leg Knee joint Inferior tib fib joint Nile joint Skin covering the medial inferior aspect of calcaneus ```

Question 31

What does the Sural nerve supply?

Answer 31

Skin on hue he posterior and lateral aspects of the leg and skin over the lateral aspect of the foot

Question 32

Pathway of the popliteal artery

Answer 32

Enters popliteal fossa via the the adductor hiatus | Divides at the lower border of popliteus into anterior and posterior tibial arteries

Question 33

Anterior tibial artery:

Answer 33

Passes through the superior Interosseus hiatus Descends on the anterior surface of The Interosseus membrane travelling between tibial is anterior and EDL Passes deep to the extensor retinaculum, becomes dorsalis pedis artery as it passes the ankle joint

Question 34

Posterior tibial artery

Answer 34

Begins at the posterior border of popliteus Passes deep to soleus, runs over tibial is posterior (IM) Runs posterior to the medial malleolus, deep to the flexor retinaculum Enters the foot

Question 35

Posterior tibial artery branches

Answer 35

Circumflex fibular Nutrient artery of the tibia Medial malleolus branch