Week 9 Flashcards
Tequitqui
Nahuatl term signifying “tributary;” was first used to describe indigenous arts made in colonial Mexico.
Only relevant for Mexican examples; mainly used to describe scultpures
Hybrid
A term used to describe art and architecture that combines Indigenous and European styles/ideas in colonial Latin America.
Indigenous survivals
Can be used to describe Indigenous agency and the continuity of Native practices and ideas in art and architecture made during the Spanish colonial period
Juan Gerson
- Indigenous artists mastering European styles
- He first painted on amate paper (paper de amate) which is made of bark from a fig tree. He then glued these onto the Church’s vault.
Painting: Juan Gerson, Choir loft paintings, Church of San Franciso de Tecamachalco, 1562, tempera on papel de amate
- From the book of Genesis. It depicts the flood of Noah’s sacrifice of Isaac, heavenly Jerusalem, and then the holocaust.
Categories of paintings: - Painting: Juan Gerson, Cain killing Abel, from the choir loft, Church of San Francisco de Tecamachalco, 1562, tempera on papel de amate. Cane and Able were the sons of Adam and Eve. Abel was a shepherd, and Cain was a farmer. Cain offers some fruits to god and Able offers his animal. God appreciates Abel’s gift more, angering Cain. The painting depicts Cain attacking Abel.
-Painting: Juan Gerson, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, from choir loft, Church of San Francisco. the White horse towards the back is thought to represent conquest and glory. The writer is holding a bow and an arrow which can represent a notion of conquest. The next horse is red which represents war/mass slaughter. The person on the red horse holds a sword. The black horse holds called which represents family. The figure on top appears to look like it’s wearing armor but closely, he looks almost skeletal. The 4th horse is a pale horse that looks weak which represents death.
-Painting: Juan Gerson, St. John the Evangelist, from the choir loft, Church of San Francisco de Tecamachalco, 1562, Tempera on papel de amate.
- Painting: Juan Gerson, St. John the Evangelist, from Choir Loft, Church of San Francisco de Tecamachalco, 1562, Tempera on papel de amate.
Saint John on the right and Saint Mark on the left. John is represented by an eagle (a sense of farsightedness. Mark is represented as a lion. Uses this imagery for the foretelling of Christ and documenting history to give a religious tone.
Neoclassicism
A style popularized by Andrea Palladio, the late Renaissance architect.
This was a response to the Rococo and Baroque art styles.
Art schools became very influential in teaching this throughout Latin America.
Characteristics:
-Emphasis on Columns (to divide up space in architecture) (doric, Ionic, and Corinthian)
Modejar
An Arabic word that refers to a Muslim person from Latin America (problematic).
Characteristics:
- Moorish building techniques
- Moorish aesthetics
- Moorish ornamentation
Gothic
- Balanced vertical thrusts in stone masonry
- Visible ribs and vaulting
- pointed arches
- Stained glass windows
- Stone tracery
Mannerism
- Appeared in Italy in the late 15th century
- This was a response to the renasainces
- In architecture, os refers to the Motifs in their original meaning.
- Figures are elongated and twists
- Picture place becomes flattened
Baroque
- 16th to 18th centuries
- Richness to decoration
- an attempt to amaze the viewer
- Illusionary effects
- Extreme realism
- Intense contrasts between light and shadow
- Baroque paintings are depicted with exaggeration and emotion.
Atrio
Large walled patio in front of the church.
Often used on holy days. For special masses.
posa chapels
Four little chapels in the corners of the ratio. It came from the verb poser (to put).
retablo-facade
Mixtec facade with classicizing articulation
Retablo
altarpiece; painted or wood; appears behind altar inside church
Casa de la cacica, anine, teposcolula, Oxcaca, Mexico
Residence of a female ruler. Specifically dona Catalina
