Week 1

Question 1

Pre-Columbian

Answer 1

Of, relating to, or originating in the Americas before the arrival of Columbus: e.g. pre-Columbian art.

Question 2

Latin America [IMPORTANT]

Answer 2

Latin America often refers to the regions in the Americas in which Romance languages are the main languages, Mexico, Central America, South America, Caribbean

Question 3

Mesoamerica [IMPORTANT]

Answer 3

typically refers to the populations of what is today Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica

Shared cultural characteristics:
-ball game
-staples of their diet: corn, beans, squash

Question 4

Andes [IMPORTANT]

Answer 4

mountain range in the western South
America (dry west coast, fertile mountain valleys)

Shared cultural traits
- textiles
-ceramics
-use of stone

Question 5

Spanish Colonial Borderlands

Answer 5

the northern frontier of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The Spanish borderlands essentially refer to the regions that Spain claimed but had little control over in the Americas and consisted of the modern-day states of Florida, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California.

Question 6

Viceroyalty of New Spain

Answer 6

a royal territory in the Spanish Empire formed soon after the invasion and conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521.

Question 7

inquisition

Answer 7

Catholic institutions that sought to
eradicate heresies; at the end of the 15th century the Spanish Inquisition sought to convert Jews and Muslims in the Iberian peninsula

Question 8

Reconquista [IMPORTANT]

Answer 8

a series of military campaigns pursued by Christian armies aimed at reclaiming the Iberian Peninsula from the Moors after the Islamic conquest in 711 until the fall of Granada in 1492; this effort to expand Christian control was extended to the Americas

Question 9

Viceroyalty of Peru

Answer 9

In 1534, Pizzaro claimed for Spain
what became the Viceroyalty of Peru

Question 10

PICTURE: Unknown artist, Wedding of Martín de Loyola with the Ñusta Beatriz and of Don Juan de Borja with Doña
Lorenza Ñusta de Loyola, c. 1680, oil on canvas, 107.5 x 179 1/8 inches (La Compañía Jesuit church,
Cuzco)

Answer 10

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Question 11

Saint

Answer 11

According to the Catholic
Church: “Saints are persons in
heaven…who lived heroically
virtuous lives, offered their life
for others, or were martyred
for the faith, and who are
worthy of imitation.”
a person acknowledged as holy or virtuous and typically regarded as being in heaven after death

Question 12

Cusco (Cuzco) School style

Answer 12

The Cuzco School developed a unique artistic signature characterized by a bright color palette, flattened forms, indigenous symbolism, and a profusion of gold ornament.

Question 13

artist guild

Answer 13

an association of artists that regulated art training and production from the Medieval through Baroque periods