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HUMAN BODY - WORKBOOK > Week 8 - Respiratory > Flashcards

Week 8 - Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Pulm

A

Lung

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2
Q

Apnoea

A

Without breathing

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3
Q

Pnoea

A

Breathing

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4
Q

Dys

A

Difficult, painful

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5
Q

Dyspnoea

A

Difficulty in breathing

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6
Q

Paries

A

Wall, psrtition

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6
Q

Viscera

A

Organ

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7
Q

Pleur

A

Side of body, rib

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8
Q

Pneuma

A

Air

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9
Q

Thorac

A

Chest

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10
Q

What are some relevant nursing actions related to the respiratory system?

A
  • Respiratory assessment and recording of rate
  • Blood oxygen saturation level recording
  • Administrating oxygen and nebulise medications
  • Intubation and ventilation of patient
  • Care and removal of chest drains
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11
Q

List some functions of pulmonary ventilation

A
  1. Venous blood flow
  2. Lymph flow
  3. Speech
  4. Smell
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12
Q

What is the role of elastic tissue?

A

Lungs recoil passively when exhaling, conserving ATP.

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13
Q

Label these structures in correct anatomical order starting from the nasal cavity, bronchi, larynx, alveoli, trachea, pharynx and bronchioles.

A
  1. Nasal Cavity
  2. Pharynx
  3. Larynx
  4. Trachea
  5. Bronchi
  6. Bronchioles
  7. Alveoli
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14
Q

What is the specific function of cilia in the trachea?

A

Move contaminated mucous to oropharynx for swallowing.

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15
Q

Why do we encourage patients to breathe in through their nose rather than their mouth?

A
  • Pharyngeal tonsil - filters pathogen
  • Nasal mucosa - warm, humidity and traps debris and pathogen
16
Q

As a tracheostomy bypasses the nasal cavity how would this effect the quality of the air inspired by the patient? What could the nurse do to assist with this problem?

A
  • Air - Colder, dryer and unfiltered.
  • Nurse intervention - provide warm and humidity air.
17
Q

What are some non-breathing functions of the lungs?

A
  • Acid-base balance of blood (pH)
  • Produces angiotensin - converting enzyme (ACE)
    • Blood pressure control
18
Q

Name the two main muscles that initiate the volume and pressure changes in the thorax?

A
  • Diaphragm
  • External intercostals
19
Q

If a patient has a painful chest or abdominal wound how may this effect their pulmonary ventilation (breathing)?

A

Discomfort from pain will reduce depth of pulmonary ventilation and therefore gas exchange (external respiration)

20
Q

When the volume of the thorax increases does the internal pressure increase or decrease relative to atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg)?

A

Decreases

21
Q

What can nurse do to alleviate this problem?

A
  • Pain Relief - medication
  • Analgesia - Without ‘sense of pain’
  • Rolled towel to support wound
22
Q

Why encourage a patient with a respiratory tract infection to expectorate their sputum (mucus) into a container rather than swallow it?

A

Swallowing will move infectious agent, products and debris into the digestive tract.

23
Q

What does the phrenic nerve do

A

Stimulates the diaphragm to contract

23
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

Prevents food and water entering the respiratory passages.

24
Q

When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract the ____ ?

A

Volume of the thoracic cavity increases.

25
Q

A respiratory arrest would result from damage to the ____ ?

A

Medulla Oblongata

26
Q

In the absence of respiratory surfactant ______ ?

A

It is difficult to keep the alveoli open.

27
Q

Gases move across the respiratory membrane by _________ ?

A

Diffusion

28
Q

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood _________ ?

A

As bicarbonate

29
Q

The dietary intake of fermented food (live microorganisms) is recommended to increase the diversity of colon microbiota. What food has the greatest microbial diversity and beneficial metabolites they produce.

A
  • Kefir
  • Kimchi,
  • Kombucha
  • Sauerkraut
  • Greek yoghurt

HUMAN BODY - WORKBOOK (9 decks)

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