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human body - workbook > Week 6 - Blood and vessels > Flashcards

Week 6 - Blood and vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Haem, Aem

A

Blood

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2
Q

A, an

A

Without

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3
Q

Erythr

A

Red

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4
Q

Leuk

A

White

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5
Q

Poiesis

A

Making

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6
Q

Ferr

A

Iron

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7
Q

Vas

A

Vessel

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8
Q

Thromb

A

Blood clot

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9
Q

Ven, phleb

A

Vein

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10
Q

Penia

A

Poverty, lacking

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11
Q

What are some relavent nursing actions related to blood and vessels?

A
  • Blood safety (blood transfusion management)
  • Removal of intravenous cannula
  • Administering prescribed intravenous fluids and parenteral nutrition.
  • PPE
  • Application of anti-embolic stockings.
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12
Q

Red blood cells, megakaryocytes, white blood cells, and platelets are all________________ and make up 45% of the blood.

A

Forged Elements

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13
Q

Primarily water, non-cellular, fluid matrix of blood (55%)

A

Plasma

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14
Q

Agranular leukocytes

A
  • Lymphocytes
  • Monocytes
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15
Q

Granulocytes

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophil
  • Basophil
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16
Q

Granules with histamine and heparin

A

Basophil

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17
Q

Most numerous leukocyte

A

Neutrophil

18
Q

Why might patients suffering from kidney disease be anaemic?

A

Less Erythropoietin (EPO)

19
Q

Contains haemoglobin

A

Erythrocyte

20
Q

Derived from a monocyte

A

Macrophage

21
Q

Immune response (lymph tissue)

A

Lymphocyte

22
Q

Stimulates ‘making’ of erythrocytes

A

Erythropoietin

23
Q

Forms a temporary plug to stop bleeding

A

Platelets

24
Q

Determine why blood group AB is often described as the universal recipient.

A

Lacks A and B antibodies in plasma (recipient). Therefore, will not agglutinate incoming donated RBC with A or B antigen.

25
Q

Determine why blood type O is often described as the universal donor.

A

No A or B antigen on RBC to be attacked (bound) by A or B antibody (S) in plasma recipient

26
Q

Why is it preferable to not give rhesus positive blood to a rhesus negative individual?

A
  1. First Exposure - Rh - individual will form antibodies to Rh antigen on donated RBC
  2. Second Exposure - Rh - individuals plasma antibodies will agglutinate Rh+ RBC donated
27
Q

Almost half of our vitamin K is synthesised by our microbiota (Escherichia coli) in the colon (large intestine). Based on this information, how could a prescribed long-term broad-spectrum antibiotic be the cause of frequent nose bleeds?

A

Liver uses vitamin k to synthesis four blood clotting factors (blood coagulation)

28
Q

How does the anatomy and physiology of the radius and radial artery facilitate the taking of a radial pulse?

A
  • Radial artery parallel to radius
  • Compress artery against bone allows detection of arterial pressure wave from heart
  • Muscular tunica media of artery extends pressure wave through arterial circulation
29
Q

Name one mineral and one fat-soluble vitamin that is required for normal blood clotting.

A
  • Calcium (Ca2+)
  • Vitamin K (microbiota, greens, grains, meat)
30
Q

Name the three stages of HAEMostasis

A
  • Vasospasm
  • Platelet plug
  • Blood coagulation (via fibrin formation)
31
Q

The four atoms of _________ in one haemoglobin each bind one molecule of oxygen (O2).

A

Iron (fe)

32
Q

Mitochondrial enzymes require iron (Fe) to function. The foods listed below all contain iron.
Identify the option that contain the most absorbable form of iron (haem-based).

A
  • Red meat
  • Pork
  • Turkey
  • Liver
  • Seafood
  • Eggs
33
Q

Chronic inflammation initiates structural changes to blood vessels. Would inflammation of the tunica interna and media reduce or increase the flexibility and lumen size of a blood vessel?

A

Reduce, therefore decrease of blood flow

34
Q

What is the function of erythrocyte, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Transports oxygen
  • Most numerous cell in body
  • 120 days
35
Q

What is the function of neutrophil, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Phagocytosis
  • 6 hours to a few days
36
Q

What is the function of basophil, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Granules with histamine and heparin
  • Hours to days
37
Q

What is the function of eosinophil, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Large pathogens (worms)
  • Destroys antigen-antibody complexes
  • Allergy
  • 8 - 12 days
38
Q

What is the function of lymphocyte, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Immune response
  • Hours to decades
39
Q

What is the function of monocyte, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Develop into macrophage
  • Months
40
Q

What is the function of platelets, and it’s lifespan?

A
  • Platelet plug
  • Haemostasis
  • 5 to 6 days

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