Week 2 - Building block and nutrition

Question 1

A, an

Answer 1

Without

Question 2

Tom

Answer 2

To cut

Question 3

Hydro

Answer 3

Water

Question 4

Philic

Answer 4

Attracted

Question 5

Phobic

Answer 5

Fearing

Question 6

Mono

Answer 6

One

Question 7

Polymer

Answer 7

Many

Question 8

Lipid

Answer 8

Fat, oil

Question 9

‘Ase’

Answer 9

Enzyme

Question 10

Gluc/Gyclo

Answer 10

Sugar

Question 10

What are some relavent nursing actions related to building blocks and nutrition?

Answer 10

• Administration of prescribed medications and intravenous fluids.
• Alcohol and soap-based hand-washing.
• Personal protective equipment (PPE).
• Interpretation of patient biochemistry and haemotology results.
• Nursing procedures and treatments.

Question 11

What is the symbol of oxygen?

Answer 11

O

Question 12

What is the symbol of carbon?

Answer 12

C

Question 13

What is the symbol of hydrogen?

Answer 13

H

Question 14

What is the symbol of nitrogen?

Answer 14

N

Question 15

What is the symbol of calcium?

Answer 15

Ca

Question 16

What is the symbol of phosphorus ?

Answer 16

P

Question 16

What is the symbol of sodium?

Answer 16

Na

Question 17

What is the symbol of potassium?

Answer 17

K

Question 18

What is the symbol of chlorine?

Answer 18

CI

Question 19

What is the symbol of iron?

Answer 19

Fe

Question 20

Atoms are composed of an equal number of smaller particles known as protons, neutrons and electrons. Which of these particles carries a negative charge?

Answer 20

Electrons

Question 21

Which of these particles interact in chemical reactions (e.g., formation of chemical bonds)?

Answer 21

Electrons

Question 22

For atoms and molecules to be soluble in water they must be negatively charged (anion), positively charged (cation), or a polar molecule like glucose. Identify the word that best describes this water-solubility.

Answer 22

Hydrophilic

Question 23

What is the polymer of amino acids?

Answer 23

Proteins

Question 23

What is the polymer of monosaccharides?

Answer 23

Carbohydrates

Question 24

What is the polymer of triglycerides and glycerol?

Answer 24

Lipids

Question 25

What is the polymer of nucleotides ?

Answer 25

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Question 26

List some carbohydrates that include ‘ose’ in their name.

Answer 26

Monomers: 1. Glucose 2. Fructose 3. Galactose Polymers: 1. Lactose = glucose + galactose 2. Sucrose = glucose + fructose 3. Maltose = glucose + glucose

Question 27

_______ is the element found in proteins, but not carbohydrates and lipids.

Answer 27

Nitrogen

Question 28

Glucose is stored in the liver (100 g) and muscles (400 g) in the form of _______.

Answer 28

Glycogen

Question 28

Weak _______ bonds maintain the structure of proteins at homeostatic body temperature.

Answer 28

Hydrogen

Question 29

Excess glucose is converted to _______ that is(are) stored in adipose tissue (fat) and the liver.

Answer 29

Triglycerides

Question 30

If these guidelines are correct there should be no dietary-related diseases in Australia. What are your thoughts on this?

Answer 30

- People not following guidelines - Guidelines need to be revised (evidence based) - What is a serving size - What are the UPFs doing to the human body

Question 31

_______ is an inorganic nutrient (compound).

Answer 31

Water

Question 32

Gram for gram, _______ can provide more fuel for the making of ATP (energy).

Answer 32

Fat (lipids)

Question 32

Approximately 60% of the British diet is composed of UPFs. These UPFs _______.

Answer 32

Are mixtures of organic substances constructed into an industrially made ‘product’

Question 33

The recommended option for dietary fat includes triglycerides composed of _______. This is because the intake of triglycerides composed of _______ (not dietary cholesterol) is correlated with high blood cholesterol levels.

Answer 33

unsaturated fatty acids; saturated fatty acids

Question 34

Removing UPFs would reduce the incidence of dietary-related diseases in Britain by _______ %.

Answer 34

70%

Question 34

A / an ________ nutrient cannot be made by the human body and must be included in the diet.

Answer 34

Essential

Question 35

What is the function of Carbohydrate (monosaccharides) and is it water or fat soluble?

Answer 35

- Water-soluble - Quick source to make energy (APT)

Question 36

What is the function of Lipid (triglycerides) and is it water or fat soluble?

Answer 36

- Fat-soluble - Protective, Structural and Insulation - Fuel source to make energy (ATP)

Question 37

What is the function of Lipid (phospholipids) and is it water or fat soluble?

Answer 37

- Water and fat soluble - Plasma membranes

Question 38

What is the function of protein (amino acids) and is it water or fat soluble?

Answer 38

- Water-soluble - Structural (collagen) - Functional (enzymes, channels, receptors, pumps, etc) - LIFE!!

Question 39

What is the function of Nucleic acid (nucleotides) and is it water or fat soluble?

Answer 39

- Water-soluble - 4 letter alphabet (ATGC) that is translated into 3 letter words that code for amino acid sequence of proteins.