Week 2 - Building block and nutrition Flashcards
A, an
Without
Tom
To cut
Hydro
Water
Philic
Attracted
Phobic
Fearing
Mono
One
Polymer
Many
Lipid
Fat, oil
‘Ase’
Enzyme
Gluc/Gyclo
Sugar
What are some relavent nursing actions related to building blocks and nutrition?
- Administration of prescribed medications and intravenous fluids.
- Alcohol and soap-based hand-washing.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE).
- Interpretation of patient biochemistry and haemotology results.
- Nursing procedures and treatments.
What is the symbol of oxygen?
O
What is the symbol of carbon?
C
What is the symbol of hydrogen?
H
What is the symbol of nitrogen?
N
What is the symbol of calcium?
Ca
What is the symbol of phosphorus ?
P
What is the symbol of sodium?
Na
What is the symbol of potassium?
K
What is the symbol of chlorine?
CI
What is the symbol of iron?
Fe
Atoms are composed of an equal number of smaller particles known as protons, neutrons and electrons. Which of these particles carries a negative charge?
Electrons
Which of these particles interact in chemical reactions (e.g., formation of chemical bonds)?
Electrons
For atoms and molecules to be soluble in water they must be negatively charged (anion), positively charged (cation), or a polar molecule like glucose. Identify the word that best describes this water-solubility.
Hydrophilic
What is the polymer of amino acids?
Proteins
What is the polymer of monosaccharides?
Carbohydrates
What is the polymer of triglycerides and glycerol?
Lipids
What is the polymer of nucleotides ?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
List some carbohydrates that include ‘ose’ in their name.
Monomers:
1. Glucose
2. Fructose
3. Galactose
Polymers:
1. Lactose = glucose + galactose
2. Sucrose = glucose + fructose
3. Maltose = glucose + glucose
_______ is the element found in proteins, but not carbohydrates and lipids.
Nitrogen
Glucose is stored in the liver (100 g) and muscles (400 g) in the form of _______.
Glycogen
Weak _______ bonds maintain the structure of proteins at homeostatic body temperature.
Hydrogen
Excess glucose is converted to _______ that is(are) stored in adipose tissue (fat) and the liver.
Triglycerides
If these guidelines are correct there should be no dietary-related diseases in Australia. What are your thoughts on this?
- People not following guidelines
- Guidelines need to be revised (evidence based)
- What is a serving size
- What are the UPFs doing to the human body
_______ is an inorganic nutrient (compound).
Water
Gram for gram, _______ can provide more fuel for the making of ATP (energy).
Fat (lipids)
Approximately 60% of the British diet is composed of UPFs. These UPFs _______.
Are mixtures of organic substances constructed into an industrially made ‘product’
The recommended option for dietary fat includes triglycerides composed of _______. This is because the intake of triglycerides composed of _______ (not dietary cholesterol) is correlated with high blood cholesterol levels.
unsaturated fatty acids; saturated fatty acids
Removing UPFs would reduce the incidence of dietary-related diseases in Britain by _______ %.
70%
A / an ________ nutrient cannot be made by the human body and must be included in the diet.
Essential
What is the function of Carbohydrate (monosaccharides) and is it water or fat soluble?
- Water-soluble
- Quick source to make energy (APT)
What is the function of Lipid (triglycerides) and is it water or fat soluble?
- Fat-soluble
- Protective, Structural and Insulation
- Fuel source to make energy (ATP)
What is the function of Lipid (phospholipids) and is it water or fat soluble?
- Water and fat soluble
- Plasma membranes
What is the function of protein (amino acids) and is it water or fat soluble?
- Water-soluble
- Structural (collagen)
- Functional (enzymes, channels, receptors, pumps, etc)
- LIFE!!
What is the function of Nucleic acid (nucleotides) and is it water or fat soluble?
- Water-soluble
- 4 letter alphabet (ATGC) that is translated into 3 letter words that code for amino acid sequence of proteins.
