Week 8 notes Flashcards
What does patient pre consist of?
asses, prepare and weight the patient, calculate the volume of each drug, prepare equipment required to administer drugs, prepare fluid administration equipment, and prepare monitoring equipment (including paperwork)
Incomplete patient preparation often result in?
complications ranging from mild to life-threatening.
When choosing an anesthetic protocol what three things do you take into account?
minimum patient database, physical status, and procedure to be performed
Drug choices for anesthetic protocol are influenced by?
training, clinical experience, personal preference, and DVM
What do you do with all injectable drugs before administering?
double-check doses
What do you label syringes containing injectable drugs with?
name of patient, name of drug, and drug concentration
When trying to minimize adverse effects you should administer what dosage of a drug?
minimum dosage of drug to get desired effect.
When inducing what do you do if your patient is in excessive depth of anesthesia?
monitor, support patient until metabolized, or reversal agent
IV induction is only good for how long?
10 minuets or less
When using inhalant anesthetic when are large dial changes warranted and when are subtle dial changes warranted?
Large- when patient is significantly light or deeply anesthetized
Subtle- patients anesthetic depth is slightly too light or deep
What are the sequence of events when inducing a patient?
administer induction agent, check jaw tone, place and secure ET tube, check vital signs, connect patient to anesthetic machine, inflate ET tube, check anesthetic depth, monitor
Patients weighing less than what need a non-breathing circuit?
7 kg
What is the equipment needed for intubation?
ET tubes (the size you think it is and 2 additional one + and one -), IV tubing (gauze, ties), gauze sponge, 12 mL syringe, exam light, stylette, Lidocaine, laryngoscope
How do you determine length of and ET tube?
should extend from the tip of the nose to the thoracic inlet
How do you prepare your ET tube?
make sure it is clean, free of damage, hole, discoloration, make sure the connector is firmly attached, the cuff inflates and hold pressure, lube (water soluble)
Readiness for ET tubing is characterized by what?
unconsciousness, lack of voluntary movement, absent pedal reflex, sufficient muscle relaxation for mouth to be held open, and no swallowing when tongue is grasped.
How do you check for correct ET tube placement?
Re-visualize the larynx, watch the reservoir bag, feel for air movement, watch for fogging, check unidirectional valves, vocalization?, cough upon intubation, capnography
Why should care be taken when intubating a cat?
irritation of the larynx can cause laryngospasms which can occlude the airway if severe
What are some complications that can occur with intubation?
cuff not inflated/underinflated or over inflated, tube diameter too small or large, Tube too long or short, overzealous intubation, tube kinked or obstructed, tube not cleaned or disinfected
What factors effect recovery?
the longer the patient is under, condition of the patient, type of anesthetic and route, temperature, and breed
What are the signs of recovery?
animals progress back through anesthetic planes and stages, vital signs and reflexes change in predictable ways, animals may shiver, and voluntary movement
A recovering patient should be turned every _____ and why?
10-15 minuets, to prevent pooling of blood in the dependent lung and tissues. (hypostatic congestion)
Large animals require ______ doses of medication on a ____ per _____ basis
lower; mg/kg
What drugs are commonly given with sedation and standing chemical restraint in horses?
acepromazine, xylazine, and detomidine
