Week 1 Book Notes Flashcards
A drug induced state of calm in which the patient is reluctant to move and is aware of but is unconcerned about its surroundings?
Tranquilization
The term regional anesthesia refers to?
Loss of sensation in a limited area of the body produced by administration of a local anesthetic or other agent in proximity to sensory nerves
a sleep like state from which the patient can be aroused with sufficient stimulation?
Hypnosis
The term balanced anesthesia refers to?
administration of multiple drugs concurrently in smaller quantities than would be required if each were given alone
With sufficient stimulation a patient can be aroused from?
sedation, narcosis, and hypnosis
when inquiring about signs of illness what for points do you ask for specifics?
duration, volume or severity, frequency, and character or appearance
When confirming a procedure what specifics do you check?
if performing on limb confirm the correct limb, when a tumor is being removed: be sure of the exact location of it and confirm the owners wishes regarding histopathology. Determine if the client wishes the doctor to use his judgment regarding decisions that must be made during the procedure or if they want a telephone call.
Horses and cats are more sensitive to _________ than dogs and ruminants?
Opioids
What species tends to have a rougher time recovering from inhalant anesthetics than others?
Horses
Ruminants are more sensitive to ___________(drug)
xylazine
Cats, small dogs, and small animal pediatric patients are prone to ____ and ____ due to mechanical dead space?
hypoxemia and hypercarbia
What are the common signs of disease that can often indicate a variety of problems?
anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, sneezing, polyuria, polydipsia, tenesmus, dysuria, a change in behavior, exercise intolerance, weakness, fainting or seizures, bleeding
What factors must be considered when choosing the anesthesia protocol?
facilities and equipment, familiarity with the agent, nature of the procedure, circumstances specific to the procedure, cost and degree of urgency
What are the food withholding times for dogs and cats, horses, cattle, small ruminants, and neonates?
Dogs and cats- 8-12 hours, Horses- 8-12 hours, cattle- 24-48 hours, small ruminants- 12-18, and neonates- never
What are the five reasons for putting in an IV catheter?
Fluid administration helps maintain blood volume and support blood pressure, IV access allows rapid admin of emergency drugs, Can be used for CRI’s, Vesicants can be admin safely, and incompatible drugs can be administered more easily.
When placing and maintaining an IV Catheter for use during surgery you should:
choose a catheter of sufficient length, large diameter, and a location that will not be in the way, use an administration set with an injection port, administer IV drugs slowly, flush with saline after injection, after movement check that fluids are flowing freely, and cause minimum movement.
What % of a healthy adults body weight is water?
60%
What are the signs of over hydration?
ocular and nasal discharge, chemosis, sub q edema, increase lung sounds, respiratory rate, and dyspnea.
Balanced anesthesia maximizes? And minimizes?
Maximizes the benefits of each drug and minimizes adverse side effects
What pre-med has antiemetic properties?
Acepromazine
What pre-med induces vomiting?
Xylazine
What are the two types of IV catheters?
Through the needle and over the needle
Administration of IV fluids does what?
Supports oxygen delivery, increases blood volume and cardiac output
What are the important cations in body fluids?
Sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium
What are the anions in blood?
Chloride, bicarbonate, phosphates, proteins
What are the concentrations of hypertonic saline solutions?
3%, 5%, 7%, and 23.4%
What are the two basic types of colloid solutions?
Synthetic colloid solutions, and blood products
What are the clinical signs of over hydration?
Ocular discharge, nasal discharge, chemosis, SQ edema, increased lung sounds, increased RR, and dyspnea
What are the reasons to pre-med?
Calm or sedate, minimize adverse effects of currently administered drugs, reduce required dose of concurrently administered drugs,smoother anesthetic inductions and recoveries, decreased pain an discomfort, produce muscle relaxation
What does the vagus nerve do?
Bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, excess tear and salivary production, excess production of respiratory secretions, increased GI motility, miosis
