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BACT211 (LECTURE) > WEEK 8: GRAM NEGATIVE COCCI > Flashcards

WEEK 8: GRAM NEGATIVE COCCI Flashcards

1
Q

I. General Characteristics

i. Obligate Aerobes
ii. Nonmotile
iii. Oxidase Positive
iv. Catalase positive
v. Gram Negative Diplococci
vi. Capnophilic
vii. Glucose Fermenter
(Except for M. catarrhalis)

A

Gram Negative Diplococci

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2
Q

acute pyogenic infection, primarily in urethra, endocervix, anal canal, pharynx and conjunctiva.

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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3
Q

“flow of seed”- urethral discharge was mistaken for semen

A

Gonorrhea

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4
Q

Venereal disease

A

Sexually transmitted infection

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5
Q

iron-binding blood plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron in biological fluids

A

Receptors for human transferrin

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6
Q

protective against inflammation

A

Protein I (porB)

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7
Q

adherence to phagocytic cells and EC

A

Protein II (Opa)

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8
Q

blocks host serum IgG

A

Protein III (Rmp) reduction modified protein

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9
Q

attachment to host tissues present in types T1-T2

A

Pili

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10
Q

T3,T4,T5

A

avirulent - no pili

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11
Q

protect against phagocytosis

A

Capsule

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12
Q

 Mediate damage to body tissues
 Released as outer mebrane fragments “blebs” w/c contain LOS responsible for its virulence

A

LOS or Endotoxins

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13
Q

cleaves IgA on mucosal surfaces

A

IgA protease

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14
Q

 Most commonly acquired by sexual contact from asymptomatic carrier (primary reservoir)
 HPV, C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae

A

Epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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15
Q

purulent discharge and dysuria

A

Urethritis in male and Cervicitis in female

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16
Q

AHU strains

A

arginine, hypoxanthine, uracil

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17
Q

Ophthalmia neonatorum

A

Conjunctivitis

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18
Q

 Urethritis (males ) and cervicitis (female)
 PID, sterility, ectopic pregnancy and Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
 Conjunctivitis (Ophthalmia neonatorum)

A

Clinical Infections of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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19
Q

Polysaccharide capsule A

A

pandemics

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20
Q

Polysaccharide capsule B,C

A

community acquired

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21
Q

Polysaccharide capsule W-135

A

invasive disease

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21
Q

Polysaccharide capsule Y

22
Q

enzyme that aids in invasiveness

A

IgA1 protease

23
Q
  • primary sources are oral secretion/ respiratory droplets (close contact)
  • Abrupt onset of frontal headache, stiff neck, fever
A

Neisseria meningitidis

24
Q

release of toxins in the blood that
breakdown the walls of the blood vessels

A

Meningococcemia

25
Q

hemorrhaging of blood into skin & mucous membranes

A

Purpura (bruises) and Petechial rash (red spot)

26
Q

(normal coagulation is disrupted and abnormal bleeding occurs), septic shock, hemorrhage of adrenal glands (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

27
Q

i. Epidemic meningitis
ii. Meningococcemia
 Purpura and Petechial rash
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
 Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

A

Clinical Infections of Neisseria meningitidis

28
Q
  1. Virulence factor
     Attachment to respiratory epithelial cell
  2. Epidemiology
     Commensal of the upper respiratory tract
  3. Clinical Infections
    i. Localized infections (otitis media and sinusitis)
    ii. Lower respiratory tract infections
    iii. Systemic infections (endocarditis, meningitis, etc.)
A

Moraxella catarrhalis

29
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM: Thayer-Martin

INHIBITORY AGENTS: Vancomycin

SUPPRESSED ORG: ?

A

Gram-positive

29
Q

CSF, blood, nasopharyngeal swabs and aspirates

A

N. meningitidis

29
Q

 Genitalia: Urethra (male) and Endocervix (female)
 Rectum and Pharynx

A

N. gonorrhoeae

29
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM: Thayer-Martin

INHIBITORY AGENTS: ?

SUPPRESSED ORG: Gram-negative

29
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM: Modified TM

INHIBITORY AGENTS: ?

SUPPRESSED ORG: Swarming of Proteus

A

Trimethoprim

29
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM: Martin Lewis

INHIBITORY AGENTS: Anisomycin

SUPPRESSED ORG: ?

29
Q

Presumptive identification:

Positive – Neisseria and Moraxella

A

Oxidase test

29
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM: ?

INHIBITORY AGENTS: Nystatin

SUPPRESSED ORG: Yeast

A

Thayer-Martin

30
Q

iv. Incubation
 35°C in a 3% to 5% CO2
atmosphere up to __ hrs

30
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM:
GC-Lect Agar

INHIBITORY AGENTS: Lincomycin

SUPPRESSED ORG: ?

A

Gram-positive

30
Q

SELECTIVE MEDIUM: ?

INHIBITORY AGENTS: Amphothericin B

SUPPRESSED ORG: Yeast

A

New York City

30
Q

Small, tan, may be mucoid and convex

A

N. meningitidis

30
Q

Small, tan, transluscent and raised

A

N. gonorrhoeae

30
Q

Cystine Trypticase Agar Sugar:
glucose positive (yellow); all other are negative (red)

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

30
Q

Smooth, opaque, gray to white colony may be swept
intact (hockey puck), 48-hr colony - Wagon wheel

A

M. catarrhalis

30
Q

What organism is positive in Superoxol test- 30% H2O2?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

30
Q

Differentiation of Neisseria species through acid
production from oxidation of carbohydrates

A

Cystine Trypticase Agar Sugar

30
Q

what is the indicator of CTA sugars

A

Phenol red

31
Q

Cystine Trypticase Agar Sugar:

all tubes negative (red)

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

31
Q

Cystine Trypticase Agar Sugar:

glucose and maltose positive (yellow); all other are negative (red)

A

Neisseria meningitidis

31
Q

What organism is positive in Superoxol 30% H2O2, MTM, ML, NYC and Glucose

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

31
Q

For rapid detection of carbohydrate utilization
and production of DNase and beta lactamase

31
Q

What organism is positive in MTM, ML, NYC, Blood agar, Glucose and Maltose

A

Neisseria meningitidis

31
Q

this organism is negative in Glucose

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

BACT211 (LECTURE) (18 decks)

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