Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BACT211 (LECTURE) > WEEK 15: HAEMOPHILUS AND OTHER FASTIDIOUS > Flashcards

WEEK 15: HAEMOPHILUS AND OTHER FASTIDIOUS Flashcards

1
Q

i. Nonmotile and facultative anaerobic
ii. Ferment Carbohydrates (Except for H. ducreyi)
iii. Oxidase and Catalase Positive
iv. Reduce Nitrates to nitrite
vi. Obligate parasites
vii. Requires growth factors
▪ Hemin/hematin (X Factor)
▪ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD or V Factor)

A

Haemophilus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the required growth factors for Haemophilus?

A

▪ Hemin/hematin (X Factor)
▪ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD or V Factor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It is also called Pfeiffer’s bacillus.

A

Haemophilus influenzae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lacks adherent capability; associated with systemic and invasive infections

A

Encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Associated with localized infections or may be carried asymptomatically (nasopharynx).

A

Non encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • “Koch-Weeks bacillus”
  • Purulent conjunctivitis “pink eye”
A

Haemophilus aegyptius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the organism that causes chancroid (genital diseases)?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

▪ Small, flat, smooth, transparent to opaque
▪ Colonies can be pushed intact
▪ Clumpy in saline

A

H. ducreyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

BPF (Brazilian Purpuric fever)- skin lesion, sepsis, fever

A

H. influenzae Biogroup aegyptius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

▪ 5% to 10% CO2 at 35°C to 37°C
▪ 24 to 72 hours

A

Most Haemophilus spp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

▪ 5% to 10% CO2 at 33°C with high humidity
▪ Up to 7 days

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

coccobacilli that appear as “school of fish”, “railroad tracks” or “finger prints” from genital lesions.

A

H. ducreyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Small. Gram (-) coccobacilli
to long filaments. May be
encapsulated

A

Haemophilus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

▪ Translucent, smooth and convex
▪ “Mousy” or bleach like odor in CHOC agar
▪ Encapsulated strains are larger and mucoid

A

H. influenzae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Satellite phenomenon

A

Staphylococcus Streak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Antisera is reacted with the antigens in the capsule making the capsule more prominent

A

Neufeld Reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Quadrant I

A

Hemin (X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Quadrant II

A

Isovitale (V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Quadrant III

A

Hemin(X) and Isovitale (V)

16
Q

Quadrant IV

A

Horse blood (X) / NAD (V

16
Q

Porphobilinogen is detected using?

A

Kovac’s rgt

16
Q

i. Dysgonic (slower or poorer
growing)
ii. Associated to subacute bacterial endocarditis
iii. Normal biota of the oral cavity
iv. Fail to grow in MacConkey
v. Glucose fermenter
(Require serum to the
fermentative media)
vi. Opportunistic bacteria

A

Fastidious Gram Negative Bacilli

17
Q

i. “foam loving” or needing high conc.of CO2
ii. Found in dental and gingival scrapings
iii. With V factor dependent and independent strains
iv. Gram Stain: Small Gram (-) coccobacilli
v. Colony Characteristics: Convex, granular and yellow with an opaque zone near the center

A

Aggregatibacter aphrophilus

17
Q
  1. Infections
    ▪ Periodontitis; Local infection to fulminant infection (septicemia) esp. in neutropenic patients
  2. Laboratory Diagnosis
    i. Microscopy
    ▪ Thin and fusiform, spindle-shaped, coccoid and curved filaments

ii. Culture Characteristics
▪ Haze (gliding motility) on solid surface
▪ opaque, shiny; pale beige or yellowish
▪ Resemble HACEK in CO2 requirement
▪ May produce yellow pigment; can resemble colonies of E.corrodens

A

Capnocytophaga

17
Q
  1. Infections
    ▪ Systemic, pneumonic and cutaneous infection from
    animal (often cats) bites (zoonosis)
  2. Laboratory Diagnosis
    i. Microscopy
    ▪ Coccobacilli (ovoid, filamentous or bacilli);
    Bipolar staining

ii. Culture Characteristics
▪ Grayish, non hemolytic, mucoid with narrow green
to brown halo around the colony

A

Pasteurella multocida

17
Q

HACEK Group

A
  1. Aggregatibacter (formerly Haemophilus)
    aphrophilus
  2. Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus)
    actinomycetemcomitans
  3. Cardiobacterium hominis
  4. Eikenella corrodens
  5. Kingella spp.
17
Q

i. Virulence Factor
▪ Collagenase and Leukotoxin

ii. Disease
▪ Destructive periodontitis
▪ Subacute bacterial endocarditis

iii. Other Characteristics
▪ Glucose fermenter (dysgonic); lactose & sucrose
non-fermenter
▪ Catalase (+); Urease (-) w/c differentiates it from
genus Actinobacillus

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

18
Q

i. Disease
▪ Oral Infections
▪ Subacute bacterial endocarditis
ii. Characteristics
▪ Fermenter (dysgonic); pits agar
▪ Pleomorphic gram (-) rod that tend to form rosettes or long filaments

Teardrop or arrowhead
appearance

A

Cardiobacterium hominisv

18
Q

a. Microscopic characteristics
▪ Short bacilli in pairs /chains
▪ Bipolar staining “Morse Code” appearance.

b. Colonial appearance
▪ Pinpoint (24 hr ). With
star shape with 4 to 6 point”
in the center of the colony (48 hrs).

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

19
Q

i. Disease
▪ Infections from human bites or fights (clenched fist wounds)
▪ Cellulitis-needle use by drug addicts
▪ Oral Infections and Subacute bacterial endocarditis

ii. Characteristics
▪ Non Fermenter; Pit agar; Chlorine bleachlike odor
▪ Non-motile, oxidase positive, asaccharolytic, catalase
negative; yellow pigment

A

Eikenella corrodens

19
Q
  1. Infections- zoonosis (ingestion, inhalation, arthropod bite), highly infectious
    ▪ Tularemia (ulceroglandular, pneumonic, etc)- rabbit
    fever, water rat trappers disease
  2. Laboratory Diagnosis
    i. Microscopy
    ▪ Small, non-motile, coccobacili or bacilli

ii. Culture and Other Characteristics
▪ Strictly aerobic; require cysteine, cystine or thiosulfate
(SBA, BCYE agar, CHOC)
▪ Gray-white, smooth, raised colonies
▪ Biosafety Practice Level 3

A

Francisella tularensis

20
Q

i. Disease-major gram(-) bacteria in bone infections in children below 3y.o
▪ Oral, blood, bone Infections
▪ Subacute bacterial endocarditis

ii. Characteristics
▪ Short bacilli to coccobacilli
with squared ends in pairs/in chains
▪ Fermenter (dysgonic); pits agar
▪ Nonhemolytic (K. denitrificans) or β-hemolytic (K.kingae)

A

Kingella spp

21
Q

interferes to signal transduction

A

Pertussis toxin

21
Q

▪ Aquatic sources (lakes, rivers, hot springs and mud)
▪ Man made distribution systems
▪ Humidifiers and respiratory therapy equipment

A

Legionella pneumophila

21
Q

a. Enter, survive and multiply within macrophages
b. Survive and multiply within free-living protozoa
c. Multiply at 20°C to 43°C and survive at 40°C to 60°C
d. Capacity to adhere and persist in piped water systems

A

Legionella pneumophila

21
Q

fever w/ pneumonia

A

Legionnaire’s disease

21
Q

▪ Tiny gram-negative coccobacilli
▪ Smooth, glistening and silver, resembling mercury droplets

A

Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis

21
Q

fever w/o pneumonia

A

Pontiac Fever

21
Q

a. Isolation Methods
▪ Requires Iron and L-cysteine
▪ Chocolate agar and BCYE
▪ Ground-glass appearance

b. Colony Morphology
▪ Grayish-white or blue green, convex, and glistening
measuring 2-4 mm in diameter
▪ Characteristic “ground-glass” colony

A

Legionella pneumophila

21
Q

facilitate attachment to ciliated epithelial cells

A

FHA and Pertactin

21
Q

inhibits host epithelial and
immune effector cells

A

Adenylate cyclase toxin

21
Q

▪ Bordet-Gengou potato infusion agar, Regan-Lowe, and Charcoal-horse blood
▪ Incubate at moist chamber at 35°C for ≥7 days

A

Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis

21
Q

causes ciliostasis and DNA synthesis

A

Tracheal cytotoxin

21
Q
  • a-hemolytic with fruity odor similar to apples and strawberries on BAP
  • grows well on Mac and motile
  • grow on 6.5% NaCl broth
  • oxidase and catalase positive
A

Alcaligenes faecalis

21
Q
  • colonize distal urethra and may cause serious and active infection
  • cannot grow on Mac
A

Oligella

21
Q
  • water, dairy, and other environmental sources
  • motile, saccharolytic and strong H2S producer
  • isolated from humans with ocular infections, otitis media and septicemia
  • colonies appear mucoid and greenish
  • oxidase and ornithine decarboxylase positive
A

Shewanella putrefaciens

21
Q
  • angular catarrhalis
  • small colonies and pits the agar
  • no growth on Mac
  • catalase, oxidase and nitrate reduction positive
A

Moraxella lacunata

BACT211 (LECTURE) (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions