Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y-Patho 3 > Week 8+9 Pancreas, Liver, Gallbladder > Flashcards

Week 8+9 Pancreas, Liver, Gallbladder Flashcards

1
Q

deficient production of these enzymes by the pancreas.

A

pancreatice insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

enzymes of pancrease

A

lipase
amylase
trypsin
chymotrypsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Causes of pancreatic insufficiency

A

chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma, pancreatic resection, and cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

chief problem with pancreatic insuffiency

A

fat maldigestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

risk factors for pancreatitis

A

alcoholism
obstructive biliary tract disease (particularly cholelithiasis)
peptic ulcers
abdominal trauma, hyperlipidemia
certain drugs
genetic factors (hereditary pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

develops because of obstruction to the outflow of pancreatic digestive enzymes caused by bile duct or pancreatic duct obstruction (e.g., gallstones).

A

pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what happens with pancreatitis due to obstruction

A

-backup of pancreatic secretions causes activation and release of enzymes
-autodigestion (e.g., proteolysis, lipolysis) of pancreatic cells and tissues,resulting in inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Acute Pancreatitis

A

-abdominal pain
-Fever and leukocytosis
-nausea vomiting
-ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

_____and multiple organ failure account for most deaths with severe pancreatitis.

A

systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

In severe acute pancreatitis, some individuals develop flank or periumbilical ecchymosis, a sign of poor prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lab marker for acute pancreatitis

A
  1. Elevated serum lipase level
  2. Serum amylase level is elevated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

most common cause of chronic pancreatitis

A

chronic alcohol abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for

A

pancreatic cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

irreversible inflammatory, fibrotic liver disease

A

Cirrhosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most common cause of cirrhosis

A

Alcohol abuse
viral hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

does cirrhosis develop fast or slow

A

slowly over a period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

side effects of cirrhosis

A

jaundice
portal hypertension.

18
Q

Hep A mode of transmission

A

bowels

19
Q

Hep A disease spreads readily in

A

crowded, unsanitary conditions, usually through contaminated food or water.

20
Q

Hep A prevention

A

hand washing
wearing gloves

21
Q

incubation for Hep A

A

4-6 weeks

22
Q

HBV is transmitted through

A

blood-blood contact and the sexual route

23
Q

HEP B incubation period

A

6-8 weeks

24
Q

Hep B has increased risk for

A

cirrhosis
hepatocellular carcinoma.

25
Q

Hep C

A

-often drug injectable transmission
-high rates of HIV as well
-80% get chronic liver disease

26
Q

Hep C diagnostic criteria

A

acute symptoms
elevated aminotransferase levels

27
Q

Acute viral hepatitis labs

A

abnormal liver function test
elevated:
-serum aminotransferase
-aspartate transaminase (AST)
-alanine transaminase (ALT)

28
Q

4 phases of hepatitis

A

incubation, prodromal, icteric, and recovery phases

29
Q

Begins about 2 weeks after exposure and ends with the appearance of jaundice. Fatigue, anorexia, malaise, nausea, vomiting, headache, hyperalgia, cough, and low-grade fever are prodromal symptoms that precede the onset of jaundice.

A

prodromal phase

30
Q

Hepatitis is most transmissible during what pahse

A

promodal phase`

31
Q

Begins about 1 to 2 weeks after the prodromal phase and lasts 2 to 6 weeks.

A

Icteric Phase

Dark urine, clay colored stools before the onset of jaundice → conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Liver is enlarged, smooth, and tender, and percussion over the liver causes pain. Fatigue and abdominal pain may persist or become more severe.

32
Q

Begins with resolution of jaundice, about 6 to 8 weeks after exposure
-liver may still be enlarged but sxs reduce

A

recovery phase

33
Q

which hepatitis can be transmitted from mothers to infants

A

HBV and HCV

34
Q

Cholelithiasis -

A

Gallstones

35
Q

what are gallstones made of

A

cholesterol

36
Q

signs of gallstones

A

Epigastric and right hypochondrium pain and intolerance to fatty foods
-pain caused by the lodging of 1+ gallstones in the cystic or common duct

37
Q

treatment for gallstones

A

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

38
Q

caused by the lodging of a gallstone in the cystic duct. Obstruction causes the gallbladder to become distended and inflamed.

A

Cholecystitis

39
Q

why is blood flow decreased with Cholecystitis

A

pressure aganist the GB from inflmmation

40
Q

sxs of Cholecytitis

A

**-Fever, leukocytosis, **
-rebound tenderness, and abdominal muscle guarding
-bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels may be elevated.

41
Q

systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is associated with what condition

A

pancreatitis

Y-Patho 3 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions