week 8 Flashcards
Apixaban Brand
Eliquis
Apixaban class and IND
Factor Xa inhibitor
Prevention of stroke in non-valvular a-fib. DVT and PE treatment, VTE prophylaxis (Total hip or knee replacement)
Apixaban MOA
Directly binds to and inhibits factor Xa which is necessary for the generation of thrombin for thrombus formation
Apixaban AE
Bleeding, nausea, elevation in liver enzymes
Atenolol Brand
Tenormin
Atenolol Class and iND
Selective Beta-1-Blocker
Angina, HTN, Myocardial Infarction
Off Label: A-fib, SVT
Atenolol MOA
Inhibits beta-1 receptors in the heart resulting in a reduction of the pulse and cardiac output that can lower the blood pressure
Atenolol AE
Bradycardia, bronchospasm, fatigue, hypotension, depression, sexual dysfunction
Atorvastatin brand
Lipitor
Atorvastatin Class and IND
Statin ( HMG-CoA Reducatase Inhibitor)
Hyperlipidemia, Familial hyperlipidemia, Primary and seconday of atherosclerotic CVD
Atorvastatin AE
Hyperglycemia, liver enzymes elevation, myalgia, myositis (elevation in CK), rhabdomyolysis
CI in pregnancy
Benazepril Brand
Lotensin
Benazepril class and IND
ACE-I
HTN >6 years old
Benazepril MOA
In the enzymes, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which is needed to convert angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
Benazepril AE
Angioedema, cough (dry cough), hyperkalemia, worsening renal function, hypotension
Bisoprolol brand
Zebeta
Bisoprolol class and IND
Selective Beta 1 blocker
Bisoprolol MOA
The inhibition of the beta-1 receptors in the heart are known to facilitate a reduction in chronotropy and inotropy resulting in a reduction of the pulse and cardiac output that can lower the blood pressure.
Some vasoconstriction due to some degree of beta2 antagonism.
Bisoprolol AE
Bradycardia, bronchospasm, fatigue, hypotension, depression, sexual dysfunction
Candesartan Brand
Atacand
Candesartan class and IND
ARB
Heart Failure, HTN, Left ventricular dysfunction post MI
Off-Label: Angina, a fib, cardiac dysrhythmias
Candesartan MOA
Selectively antagonizes the angiotensin 2 receptor which leads to a reduction in afterload and vascular/cardiac remodeling
Candesartan AE
Angioedema, cough, hyperkalemia, worsening renal function, hypotension
Carvedilol Brand
Coreg
Carvedilol class and IND
Mixed alpha/beta blocker
Carvedilol MOA
Selectively inhibits alpha 1 mediated vascoconstrictive effects on arteries to reduce blood pressure and also function as a non-selective beta-blocker which can reduce the pulse, stroke volume, cardiac output, and vascular remodeling.
Carvedilol AE
Braycardia, bronchospasm, depression, dizziness, fatigue, hypotenstion, sexual dysfunction
Clonidine brand
Catapres
Clonidine class and IND
Centrally acting alpha 2 agonist
ADHD, HTN
Off-Label: Acute HTN, Hot swets, Nicotine and opiod withdraw, spasticity, tourette syndrome
Clonidine MOA
Functions as an agonist at the pre-synaptinc alpha 2 receptor in the CNS and results in a decreased release of NE and overall sympathetic outflow to target organs
Clonidine AE
Bradycardia, constipation, fatigue, HTN and tachycardia, hypotension, sedation, xerostomia
Dabigatran brand
Pradaxa
Dabigatran class and IND
Anticoagulant
DVT & PE, DVT prevention after hip replacement, stroke prevention
Dabigatran MOA
Reversible and direct inhibition of the thrombin which is needed in the formation of a clot and does not need the presences of antithrombin in order to work
Dabigatran AE
Bleeding, dyspepsia, gastritis
Febuxostat brand
Uloric
Febuxostat class and IND
Xanthine Oxidase inhibitor
Hyperuricemia
Febuxostat MOA
Inhibits the enzyme, xanthine oxidase, which is responsible for converting xanthine to uric acid, which is more water soluble.
Febuxostat AE
Nausea, increat Liver enzymes, rash, arthralgia
Felodipine brand
Plendil
Felodipine class and IND
CCB (Dihydro)
Felodipine MOA
Inhibits the calcium channels within the smooth muscle cells of arteries thereby reducing the cytosolic calcium concentrations that allow for contraction
Felodipine AE
Constipation, reflux, peripheral and lower extremity edema, reduction in BP, reflex tachycardia
Irbesartan brand
Avapro
Irbesartan class and IND
ARB
Diabetic nephropathy, HTN
Irbesartan MOA
Selectively antagonizes the angiotensin 2 receptor which leads to a reduction i n afterload and vascular/cardiac remodeling
Irbesartan AE
Angioedema, hyperkalemia, worsening renal function, hypotension
Isosorbide Mononitrate brand
Imdur
Isosorbide Mononitrate class and IND
Long acting nitrate, vasodilator
Angina pectoris
Isosorbide Mononitrate MOA
After being convertd to nitric oxide in the vasculature, it activated the intracellular enzyme, guanylate cyclase which then incerases cGMP mediated pathways within smooth muscle cells lining the blood vessels to reduce cystolic calcium levels that reduce actin/myosin interaction and eventually lead to vasodilation.
Isosorbide Mononitrate AE
Dizziness, HA flushin, hypotension, orthostasis
Nebivolol brand
Bystolic
Nebivolol class and IND
Selective Beta 1 blocker
HTN
Nebivolol MOA
Inhibition o f beta 1 receptors in t he heart are known to facilitate a reduction in chronotropy and inotropy resulting in a reduction of the p ulse and cardiac out that can l ower the blood pressure
Nevivolol AE
Bradycardia, bronchospasm, fatigue, hypotension, depression, sexual dysfunction
Valsartan Brand
Diovan
Valsartan Class and IND
ARB
Heart failure, HTN, MI
Valsartan MOA
Antagonizes angiotensin 2 receptor which leads to a reduction in afterload and vascular/cardiac remodeling
Valsartan AE
Angioedema, cough, hyperkalemia, worsening renal function, hypotension
Verapamil brand
Calan, Verelan
Verapamil class and IND
NHD CCB
HTN, Angina, Atrial tachydysrhythmias
Verapamil MOA
Inhibits calcium from entering into the myocardial and vascular smooth muscle via the voltage sensitive calcium channels, thereby reducing the interaction of actin and myosin.
Verapamil AE
Bradycardia, constipation, dizziness, edema, fatigue, gingival hyperplasia, worsening heart failure, heart block
