Week 8

Question 1

-crine

Answer 1

to secrete or separate

Question 2

Hormone

Answer 2

greek term meaning “impulse” or “to set in motion”

Question 3

pituitary gland

Answer 3

located at base of brain just below hypothalamus. AKA hypophysis. Master gland - secretes hormones that control other endocrine glands.

Question 4

hypothalamus

Answer 4

secretes releasing and inhibiting factors that affect the pituitary gland. produces antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

Question 5

infundibulum

Answer 5

funnel-shaped passage connecting the hypothalamus to pituitary gland

Question 6

adenohypophis

Answer 6

anterior (cranial) lobe of pituitary gland. releases indirect-acting hormones

Question 7

indirect-acting hormones

Answer 7

cause target organ to produce second hormone

Question 8

neurohypophis

Answer 8

posterior lobe of pituitary. responds to neurologic stimulus and does not produce hormones, but does store and secrete them.

Question 9

direct-acting hormones

Answer 9

released by neurohypophis. produce desired effect directly in target organ

Question 10

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Answer 10

TSH. augments growth and secretions of thyroid gland

Question 11

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 11

ACTH. augments growth and secretions of adrenal cortex

Question 12

follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 12

FSH. augments secretion of estrogen and egg growth in females/sperm in males.

Question 13

luteinizing hormone

Answer 13

LH. augments ovulation and acids in maintenance of pregnancy.

Question 14

gonadotropic hormone

Answer 14

FSH and LH included in this category.

Question 15

interstitial cell-stimulating hormone

Answer 15

ICSH. stimulates testosterone secretion in males.

Question 16

prolactin

Answer 16

LTH. augments milk secretion and influences maternal behavior. aka lactogenic hormone or luteotropin.

Question 17

growth hormone

Answer 17

GH. accelerates body growth. aka somatotropin

Question 18

melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Answer 18

MSH. augments skin pigmentation.

Question 19

antidiuretic hormone

Answer 19

ADH. maintains water balance by augmenting water reabsorption in kidneys. aka vasopressin

Question 20

oxytocin

Answer 20

stimulates uterine contractions during parturition and milk letdown from mammary ducts

Question 21

Thyroid gland

Answer 21

located on either side of larynx. regulates metabolism, iodine uptake, and blood calcium levels.

Question 22

triiodothyronine

Answer 22

T3. thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism.

Question 23

thyroxine

Answer 23

T4. thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism

Question 24

calcitonin

Answer 24

thyroid hormone that promotes absorption of calcium from blood into bones

Question 25

parathyroid glands

Answer 25

4 glands located on surface of thyroid gland. secrete parathormone (PTH) which regulates calcium and phosphorus.

Question 26

adrenal glands/suprarenal glands

Answer 26

cranial to each kidney. regulates electrolytes, metabolism, sexual functions, and injury response.

Question 27

adrenal cortex

Answer 27

outer portion of gland

Question 28

adrenal medulla

Answer 28

inner portion of gland

Question 29

steroid

Answer 29

classification of adrenal cortex hormones. specific chemical structure of carbon atoms in four interlocking rings.

Question 30

mineralocorticoids

Answer 30

group of corticosteroids that regulates electrolyte and water balance by affecting ion transport to kidney

Question 31

aldosterone

Answer 31

principal mineralocorticoid