Week 8

Question 1

Define atherosclerosis.

Answer 1

Atherosclerosis is the build up of fatty plaque in medium to large arteries.
Damage to vessel walls due to the development of fatty lesions, dysregulated parainflammatory disease.

Question 2

Describe atherosclerosis association with ischemic heart disease and hypertension.

Answer 2

There is an increase in total peripheral resistance due to a decrease in the radius of the vessels which therefore increases blood pressure.

Question 3

Define the aetiology and clinical feature of heart failure.

Answer 3

The heart is unable to maintain cardiac output.
Reduced inotropy ( force of contraction) and reduced Stroke volume.
Signs and symptoms - decreased cardiac contractility, increase heart size, HR. Lethargic, dizziness, Fluid retention.
Causes - Hypertension, coronary/ischemic heart disease, congenital, obesity

Question 4

What are some goals of cardiac rehabilitation?

Answer 4

Optimise physical, psychological and social functioning

Introduce healthy lifestyle behaviours that decrease further cardiovascular events from occurring.

Question 5

How does exercise help in an inpatient setting?

Answer 5

Decrease effect of bed rest.
Decrease psychological effects of cardiovascular event.
Prepare to return to daily tasks.
Education.
Example, walking for time 5-10 minutes, active ROM exercises

Question 6

How does exercise help in an out patient setting?

Answer 6

Increase recovery speed.
Promote healthy lifestyle
Restore confidence.
Example - 3-5d/wk low-mod intensity, 10min-30-60min bouts, walking cycling etc.

Question 7

explain the benefits of long term exercise.

Answer 7

Consolidate benefits of previous recovery stages.
Develop life ling healthy behaviours.
Example - 5d/wk, low to mod intensity, 20-60min duration