Week 7- cranial nerves

Question 1

Arises from the olfactory epithelium
filaments pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
shortest of the cranial nerves

Answer 1

Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I)

Question 2

Loss of function=
anosmia= lack of olfaction or less os steel
Hyposmia= decreases

Answer 2

Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I)

Question 3

Starts at retina
Optic nerve pass through the optic canals and converge at the optic chiasm
Continues to thalamus as optic tracts where they synapse
Optic radiation fibers run to the visual cortex
Retina, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tracts, thalamus, optic radiation, visual cortex
Comes off diencephalon (CNS)
Myelinated by oligodendrocytes
Covered with the 3 CNS meninges (dura, arachnoid, Pia)
Can’t regenerate
Only sensory (visual info to the brain)
Afferent of pupillary reflex (efferent is on another nerve)

Answer 3

Optic Nerve (cranial nerve II)

Question 4

Loss of function= blindness

Answer 4

Optic Nerve (cranial nerve II)

Question 5

what is the flow of the optic nerve?

Answer 5

Retina, optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tracts, thalamus, optic radiation, visual cortex

Question 6

can the optic nerve regernate?

Answer 6

Can’t regenerate

Question 7

Afferent of pupillary reflex (efferent is on another nerve)

Answer 7

Optic Nerve (cranial nerve II)

Question 8

Raises eyelid and moves eyeball
Constricts iris (color part of eye- parasympathetic function)
carries parasympathetic fibers
Controls pupil restriction; efferent of pupil reflex (carries info out)
Innervates the eyeball muscles

Answer 8

Oculomotor (cranial nerve III)

Question 9

Loss of function: Loss of function= down and out syndrome (superior oblique and lateral rectus muscle take over); aka one eye is closed
Unpaired only happens in cranial nerve 3

Answer 9

Oculomotor (cranial nerve III)

Down and out= 3 words= cranial nerve 3

Question 10

ptosis=

Answer 10

dropping eyelid (weak elevator palpebrase superiors muscle)

Question 11

Goes to superior oblique muscle
Smallest cranial nerve
Only cranial nerve that exits dorsal brain stem
Moves eye down and out when working alone

Answer 11

Trochlear (cranial nerve IV)

Question 12

Loss of function= double vision (diplopia); patients will tilt their head to try to fix the visual field

Answer 12

Trochlear (cranial nerve IV)

Question 13

Comes off pons
Sensory and motor
3 divisons:
ophtalmic (V1-sensory only)
maxillary (V2-sensory only)
mandibular (V3 sensory, supplies chewing muscles, and pain to anterior 2/3rd of tongue)
Largest of cranial nerve (basically whole face)

Answer 13

Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V)

Question 14

Loss of function= loss of sensation, muscle paralysis on one side which leads to the jaw deviates to the paralyzed side
Trigeminal neuraligia= neuropathic disorder with severe pain in V1 and V2

Answer 14

Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V)

Question 15

Trigeminal neuraligia= neuropathic disorder with severe pain in what crabches

Answer 15

V 1 and 2

Question 16

Abduct

Lateral rectus muscle (moves eye laterally)

Answer 16

Abducens (cranial nerve VI)

Question 17

Loss fx= can’t move eyeball laterally

H patterns to test for look at pen

Answer 17

Abducens (cranial nerve VI)

Question 18

Has 5 divisions: temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical (ten zebras bite my chicken)
motor
Facial expression
Autonomics impulses and salivary glands and crying
Taste to anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Answer 18

. Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) - ST channel

Question 19

Loss of fx= loss taste

Answer 19

. Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) - ST channel

Question 20

LMN lesion (on cranial nerve 7) leads to

Answer 20

bell palsy on half of face

Question 21

_____ lesion= stoke in L brain effects R cranial verve 7; only lower half of face damaged on opposite side of stroke in brain

Answer 21

UMN

Question 22

Hearing and balance
Sensory
Deafness

Answer 22

Vestibulocochlear (cranial nerve VIII)

Question 23

Loss of vestibular info regarding head position

Test it by using tuning forks

Answer 23

Vestibulocochlear (cranial nerve VIII)

Question 24

Swallowing
Monitor and sensory
Parasympathetic 
Parotid gland
Taste and general sense on posterior 1/3 of tongue

Answer 24

Glossopharyngeal (cranial nerve IX)

Question 25

Carries blood pressure into from carotid bodies to medulla oblongata

Answer 25

Glossopharyngeal (cranial nerve IX)

Question 26

loss= taste on back 1/3rd of tongue, no parotid gland activity and uvula deviates to the strong side

Answer 26

Glossopharyngeal (cranial nerve IX)

Question 27

Innervates pharynx and larynx (swallowing and speaking)
Efferent gag reflex
Innervates parasympathetic fibers (HT, LU, SP etc)
Taste on posterior 1/3rd of tongue
Blood pressure info from aortic body to the medulla oblongata

Answer 27

Vagus Nerve (cranial nerve X)

Question 28

Loss of fx: hoarseness (dysphonia), difficult swallowing (dysphagia)
No parasympathetic dysfunction

Answer 28

Vagus Nerve (cranial nerve X)

Question 29

Cranial root and spinal root

Innervates the traps and SCM

Answer 29

Accessory Nerve (cranial nerve XI)

Question 30

oss of fx= weakness of trap and SCM

Answer 30

Accessory Nerve (cranial nerve XI)

Question 31

Swallowing, speech, tongue position
Comes out from under tongue
Motor function
No sensory function

Answer 31

Hypoglossal (cranial nerve XII)

Question 32

how many branches are there of cranial nerve 5?

Answer 32

3 branches:

1. ophthalmic
2. maxillary
3. mandibular

Question 33

how many branches are there of cranial nerve 7?

Answer 33

5

1. temporal
2. zygomatic
3. buccal
4. mandibular
5. cervical